Aggressor Volume ImbalanceAggressor volume imbalance represents the ratio between market aggressor buy volume (market buy orders) and market aggressor sell volume (market sell orders). This ratio enables traders to evaluate the interest of market aggressors and whether aggressive market activity favours the price's direction.
Analysing aggressor volume is critical in understanding market sentiment and aids in identifying shifts in momentum and potential exhaustion points in the market. When the aggressor buy volume significantly exceeds the sell volume, it typically indicates strong buying interest, driving prices higher if the offer-side liquidity cannot contain it, and vice versa.
How it Works
The imbalance ratio is calculated as follows, according to the selected session timeframe (see settings):
imbalance := ((buyVolumeAccumulator - sellVolumeAccumulator)
/ (buyVolumeAccumulator + sellVolumeAccumulator)) * 100
Aggressive Volume Imbalance uses lower timeframe historical data to calculate Historical Aggressor Volume Imbalances, while live data is used for live aggressor volume imbalances.
How to Use It
You can set the indicator to use any historical data timeframe you prefer. However, it is highly recommended to use lower timeframes (e.g., 1 second), as the lower the timeframe, the more granular the data.
The indicator resets to 0% whenever a new session timeframe begins (e.g., a new day) and calculates new values for the rest of the session. This can be configured in the settings.
Komut dosyalarını "session" için ara
Sharpe and Sortino Ratios█ OVERVIEW
This indicator calculates the Sharpe and Sortino ratios using a chart symbol's periodic price returns, offering insights into the symbol's risk-adjusted performance. It features the option to calculate these ratios by comparing the periodic returns to a fixed annual rate of return or the returns from another selected symbol's context.
█ CONCEPTS
Returns, risk, and volatility
The return on an investment is the relative gain or loss over a period, often expressed as a percentage. Investment returns can originate from several sources, including capital gains, dividends, and interest income. Many investors seek the highest returns possible in the quest for profit. However, prudent investing and trading entails evaluating such returns against the associated risks (i.e., the uncertainty of returns and the potential for financial losses) for a clearer perspective on overall performance and sustainability.
The profitability of an investment typically comes at the cost of enduring market swings, noise, and general uncertainty. To navigate these turbulent waters, investors and portfolio managers often utilize volatility , a measure of the statistical dispersion of historical returns, as a foundational element in their risk assessments because it provides a tangible way to gauge the uncertainty in returns. High volatility suggests increased uncertainty and, consequently, higher risk, whereas low volatility suggests more stable returns with minimal fluctuations, implying lower risk. These concepts are integral components in several risk-adjusted performance metrics, including the Sharpe and Sortino ratios calculated by this indicator.
Risk-free rate
The risk-free rate represents the rate of return on a hypothetical investment carrying no risk of financial loss. This theoretical rate provides a benchmark for comparing the returns on a risky investment and evaluating whether its excess returns justify the risks. If an investment's returns are at or below the theoretical risk-free rate or the risk premium is below a desired amount, it may suggest that the returns do not compensate for the extra risk, which might be a call to reassess the investment.
Since the risk-free rate is a theoretical concept, investors often utilize proxies for the rate in practice, such as Treasury bills and other government bonds. Conventionally, analysts consider such instruments "risk-free" for a domestic holder, as they are a form of government obligation with a low perceived likelihood of default.
The average yield on short-term Treasury bills, influenced by economic conditions, monetary policies, and inflation expectations, has historically hovered around 2-3% over the long term. This range also aligns with central banks' inflation targets. As such, one may interpret a value within this range as a minimum proxy for the risk-free rate, as it may correspond to the minimum rate required to maintain purchasing power over time. This indicator uses a default value of 2% as the risk-free rate in its Sharpe and Sortino ratio calculations. Users can adjust this value from the "Risk-free rate of return" input in the "Settings/Inputs" tab.
Sharpe and Sortino ratios
The Sharpe and Sortino ratios are two of the most widely used metrics that offer insight into an investment's risk-adjusted performance . They provide a standardized framework to compare the effectiveness of investments relative to their perceived risks. These metrics can help investors determine whether the returns justify the risks taken to achieve them, promoting more informed investment decisions.
Both metrics measure risk-adjusted performance similarly. However, they have some differences in their formulas and their interpretation:
1. Sharpe ratio
The Sharpe ratio , developed by Nobel laureate William F. Sharpe, measures the performance of an investment compared to a theoretically risk-free asset, adjusted for the investment risk. The ratio uses the following formula:
Sharpe Ratio = (𝑅𝑎 − 𝑅𝑓) / 𝜎𝑎
Where:
• 𝑅𝑎 = Average return of the investment
• 𝑅𝑓 = Theoretical risk-free rate of return
• 𝜎𝑎 = Standard deviation of the investment's returns (volatility)
A higher Sharpe ratio indicates a more favorable risk-adjusted return, as it signifies that the investment produced higher excess returns per unit of increase in total perceived risk.
2. Sortino ratio
The Sortino ratio is a modified form of the Sharpe ratio that only considers downside volatility , i.e., the volatility of returns below the theoretical risk-free benchmark. Although it shares close similarities with the Sharpe ratio, it can produce very different values, especially when the returns do not have a symmetrical distribution, since it does not penalize upside and downside volatility equally. The ratio uses the following formula:
Sortino Ratio = (𝑅𝑎 − 𝑅𝑓) / 𝜎𝑑
Where:
• 𝑅𝑎 = Average return of the investment
• 𝑅𝑓 = Theoretical risk-free rate of return
• 𝜎𝑑 = Downside deviation (standard deviation of negative excess returns, or downside volatility)
The Sortino ratio offers an alternative perspective on an investment's return-generating efficiency since it does not consider upside volatility in its calculation. A higher Sortino ratio signifies that the investment produced higher excess returns per unit of increase in perceived downside risk.
The risk-free rate (𝑅𝑓) in the numerator of both ratio formulas acts as a baseline for comparing an investment's performance to a theoretical risk-free alternative. By subtracting the risk-free rate from the expected return (𝑅𝑎−𝑅𝑓), the numerator essentially represents the risk premium of the investment.
Comparison with another symbol
In addition to the conventional Sharpe and Sortino ratios, which compare an instrument's returns to a risk-free rate, this indicator can also compare returns to a user-specified benchmark symbol , allowing the calculation of Information ratios .
An Information ratio is a generalized form of the Sharpe ratio that compares an investment's returns to a risky benchmark , such as SPY, rather than a risk-free rate. It measures the investment's active return (the difference between its returns and the benchmark returns) relative to its tracking error (i.e., the volatility of the active return) using the following formula:
𝐼𝑅 = (𝑅𝑝 − 𝑅𝑏) / 𝑇𝐸
Where:
• 𝑅𝑝 = Average return on the portfolio or investment
• 𝑅𝑏 = Average return from the benchmark instrument
• 𝑇𝐸 = Tracking error (volatility of 𝑅𝑝 − 𝑅𝑏)
Comparing returns to a benchmark instrument rather than a theoretical risk-free rate offers unique insights into risk-adjusted performance. Higher Information ratios signify that the investment produced higher active returns per unit of increase in risk relative to the benchmark. Conventional choices for non-risk-free benchmarks include major composite indices like the S&P 500 and DJIA, as the resulting ratios can provide insight into the effectiveness of an investment relative to the broader market.
Users can enable this generalized calculation for both the Sharpe and Sortino ratios by selecting the "Benchmark symbol returns" option from the "Benchmark type" dropdown in the "Settings/Inputs" tab.
It's crucial to note that this indicator compares the charts symbol's rate of change (return) to the rate of change in the benchmark symbol. Consequently, not all symbols available on TradingView are suitable for use with these ratios due to the nature of what their values represent. For instance, using a bond as a benchmark will produce distorted results since each bar's values represent yields rather than prices, meaning it compares the rate of change in the yield. To maintain consistency and relevance in the calculated ratios, ensure the values from the compared symbols strictly represent price information.
█ FEATURES
This indicator provides traders with two widely used metrics for assessing risk-adjusted performance, generalized to allow users to compare the chart symbol's price returns to a fixed risk-free rate or the returns from another risky symbol. Below are the key features of this indicator:
Timeframe selection
The "Returns timeframe" input determines the timeframe of the calculated price returns. Users can select any value greater than or equal to the chart's timeframe. The default timeframe is "1M".
Periodic returns tracking
This indicator compounds and collects requested price returns from the selected timeframe over monthly or daily periods, similar to how the Broker Emulator works when calculating strategy performance metrics on trade data. It employs the following logic:
• Track returns over monthly periods if the chart's data spans at least two months.
• Track returns over daily periods if the chart's data spans at least two days but not two months.
• Do not track or collect returns if the data spans less than two days, as the amount of data is insufficient for meaningful ratio calculations.
The indicator uses the returns collected from up to a specified number of periods to calculate the Sharpe and Sortino ratios, depending on the available historical data. It also uses these periodic returns to calculate the average returns it displays in the Data Window.
Users can control the maximum number of periods the indicator analyzes with the "Max no. of periods used" input in the "Settings/Inputs" tab. The default value is 60 periods.
Benchmark specification
The "Benchmark return type" input specifies the benchmark type the indicator compares to the chart symbol's returns in the ratio calculations. It features the following two options:
• "Risk-free rate of return (%)": Compares the price returns to a user-specified annual rate of return representing a theoretical risk-free rate (e.g., 2%).
• "Benchmark symbol return": Compares the price returns to a selected benchmark symbol (e.g., "AMEX:SPY) to calculate Information ratios.
When comparing a chart symbol's returns to a specified benchmark symbol, this indicator aligns the times of data points from the benchmark with the times of data points from the chart's symbol to facilitate a fair comparison between symbols with different active sessions.
Visualization and display
• The indicator displays the periodic returns requested from the specified "Returns timeframe" in a separate pane. The plot includes dynamic colors to signify positive and negative returns.
• When the "Returns timeframe" value represents a higher timeframe, the indicator displays background highlights on the main chart pane to signify when a new value is available and whether the return is positive or negative.
• When the specified benchmark return type is a benchmark symbol, the indicator displays the requested symbol's returns in the separate pane as a gray line for visual comparison.
• Within the separate pane, the indicator displays a single-cell table that shows the base period it uses for periodic returns, the number of periods it uses in the calculation, the timeframe of the requested data, and the calculated Sharpe and Sortino ratios.
• The Data Window displays the chart symbol and benchmark returns, their periodic averages, and the Sharpe and Sortino ratios.
█ FOR Pine Script™ CODERS
• This script utilizes the functions from our RiskMetrics library to determine the size of the periods, calculate and collect periodic returns, and compute the Sharpe and Sortino ratios.
• The `getAlignedPrices()` function in this script requests price data for the chart's symbol and a benchmark symbol with consistent time alignment by utilizing spread symbols , which helps facilitate a fair comparison between different symbol types. Retrieving prices from spreads avoids potential information loss and data misalignment that can otherwise occur when using separate requests from each symbol's context when those symbols have different sessions or data times.
• For consistency, the `getAlignedPrices()` function includes extended hours and dividend adjustment modifiers in its data requests. Additionally, it includes other settings inherited from the chart's context, such as "settlement-as-close" preferences for fair comparison between futures instruments.
• This script uses the `changePercent()` function from our ta library to calculate the percentage changes of the requested data.
• The newly released `force_overlay` parameter in display-related functions allows indicators to display visuals on the main chart and a separate pane simultaneously. We use the parameter in this script's bgcolor() call to display background highlights on the main chart.
Look first. Then leap.
HTF Matrix TableThis is a Higher Time Frame Table like the Intra-Day Table that I also have available.
ICT stresses time and liquidity levels in his teachings. This table helps to easily locate these key Time-based price levels. You can use these levels to determine your directional bias and to help generate your narrative for where the market is going.
This indicator creates a table that gives you the price for the following liquidity levels:
*Price* - Current Price
PMH - Previous Month High
PMO - Previous Month Open
PM MT - Previous Month Mean Threshold (Midpoint of candle body)
(Calculated by:
if pmo > pmc
pm_mt := ((pmo-pmc)/2)+pmc
if pmo < pmc
pm_mt := ((pmc-pmo)/2)+pmo)
PMC - Previous Month Close
PML - Previous Month Low
PWH - Previous Week High
PWO - Previous Week Open
PW MT - Previous Week Mean Threshold (Midpoint of candle body)
Calculated by:
if pwo > pwc
pw_mt := ((pwo-pwc)/2)+pwc
if pwo < pwc
pw_mt := ((pwc-pwo)/2)+pwo)
PWC - Previous Week Close
PWL - Previous Week Low
PDO - Previous Day Open
PDH - Previous Day High
PDL - Previous Day Low
PDC - Previous Day Close
PDEQ - Equilibrium of the previous day's range.
(Calculated by math.abs(((pdh-pdl)/2)+pdl))
PDH2 - Two Days Back High
PDL2 - Two Days Back Low
PDH3 - Three Days Back High
PDL3 - Three Days Back Low
Gives you the opening price for the following times:
Midnight Open
NY Open
Lets you set the time for the Asia and London sessions and will give the high and low for those two sessions.
Asia High
Asia Low
London High
London Low
Ability to hide either the table or lines.
The levels are sorted descending in price in the table, with the background colored based on their relation to price. The prices are also plotted on the chart based on the range you specify in relation to the current price. These lines are also colored based on their relation to price.
This indicator does not give you anything but the price at a specific time, you must determine your own bias and narrative based on the levels that are given.
The indicator runs on the seconds chart.
Tops & Bottoms - Day of Week Report█ OVERVIEW
The indicator tracks when the weekly tops and bottoms occur and reports the statistics by the days of the week.
█ CONCEPTS
Not all the days of the week are equal, and the market dynamic can follow through or shift over the trading week. Tops and bottoms are vital when entering a trade, as they will decide if you are catching the train or being straight offside. They are equally crucial when exiting a position, as they will determine if you are closing at the optimal price or seeing your unrealized profits vanish.
This indicator is before all for educational purposes. It aims to make the knowledge available to all traders, facilitate understanding of the various markets, and ultimately get to know your trading pairs by heart (and saving a lot of your time backtesting!).
USDJPY tops and bottoms percentages on any given week.
USDJPY tops and bottoms percentages on up weeks versus down weeks.
█ FEATURES
Custom interval
By default, the indicator uses the weekly interval defined by the symbol (e.g., Monday to Sunday). This option allows you to specify your custom interval.
Weekly interval type filter
Analyze the weekly interval on any weeks, up weeks, or down weeks.
Configurable time range filter
Select the period to report from.
█ NOTES
Trading session
The indicator analyzes the days of the week from the daily chart. The daily trading sessions are defined by the symbol (e.g., 17:00 - 17:00 on EURUSD).
Extended/electronic trading session
The indicator can include the extended hours when activated on the chart, using the 24-hour or 1440-minute timeframe.
█ HOW TO USE
Plot the indicator and navigate on the 1-day or 24-hour timeframe.
Time Relative Volume Oscillator | Flux Charts💎 GENERAL OVERVIEW
The relative volume indicator aims to improve upon the default existing relative volume indicator by comparing volumes between previous trading sessions rather than previous candles. As such, it works best on lower time frames as there is more data to compare with. The purpose of the indicator is to show how the current bar’s volume compares to the volume at the same time on previous trading days.
There exists a couple different modes and combinations that each provide a different perspective on the trading volume.
Oscillator mode
Oscillator mode starts with the same relative volume calculation, but adds two EMAs of different lengths that diverge and converge. Like the MACD, it plots the difference as a histogram. This functions as an easy way to view when relative volume is increasing or decreasing.
How to use:
The oscillator oscillates between -1 and 1. It moves along with volume direction, so this mode can be used to view the current volume direction in a lagging fashion. In oscillating markets, this indicator can give an idea of how buy/sell volume is moving and where it currently stands. Small arrows mark where reversals are predicted, when the histogram crosses over 0. The biggest pitfall of this mode is that, in a straight trending market, the two EMAs converge and it gives a false reversal signal.
Delta mode
Delta volume mode is a step up from the buy/sell volume mode. It separates both sides into the top and bottom, while also displaying the actual volume behind it in a semi transparent overlay. The best feature, however, is the delta oscillator. This oscillator fluctuates depending on how buy/sell volume is changing and plots bullish/bearish labels when the dominant side (bullish/bearish) changes. The signals, while a bit common, can sometimes dictate large direction changes, started by a dominant volume switch.
On top of different display modes, there is also one more volume mode: buy/sell volume. Instead of only showing the total volume and relative volume, it calculates and separates buying and selling volume.
This volume mode displays differently in all three viewing modes, but the basic principle is the same. It adds a vital piece of information to the chart without adding clutter. The calculation for buy/sell volume uses the candle wicks and body to compare bullish and bearish movement.
Classic mode
Classic mode takes the default volume indicator and improves upon it by also displaying the relative volume on top of the actual volume. Relative volume is calculated similarly between the three display modes: simply by comparing the current bar’s volume to the volume at the same time during previous trading days. Classic mode displays this “relative volume” as well as a simple EMA over top of the actual trading volume.
Originality
The script improves upon the existing relative volume indicator by using previous trading days rather than previous candles to generate the relative volume. On top of that, the calculation methods are unique, using different formulas like variations of the sigmoid function to smooth noise. The main issue this script aims to fix is that towards the start or end of the day relative volume indicators all see spikes as volume grows into close. The new relative volume calculations fix this problem and show what the “true” relative volume is because they compare the current bar to the “same” bar on previous trading sessions.
CPR by JBISIncludes CPR, Pivot Points and an EMA. This advanced technical indicator amalgamates critical components essential for robust market analysis: CPR (Central Pivot Range), Pivot Points, and EMA (Exponential Moving Average). Designed to empower traders with comprehensive insights, this indicator serves as a dynamic tool for chart analysis across various timeframes and markets.
CPR (Central Pivot Range):
Central Pivot Range, often abbreviated as CPR, represents a pivotal zone delineating critical support and resistance levels within a given trading session. Calculated from the previous session's high, low, and close, CPR helps identify potential reversal points and areas of price consolidation.
Pivot Points:
Pivot Points are key price levels derived from the previous session's high, low, and close. These levels serve as significant reference points for traders to anticipate potential price movements, gauge market sentiment, and formulate strategic entry and exit points.
EMA (Exponential Moving Average):
EMA, or Exponential Moving Average, is a widely-used trend-following indicator that places greater emphasis on recent price data. By smoothing out price fluctuations, EMA provides traders with a clearer depiction of market trends, facilitating timely decision-making and trend identification.
Key Features:
Customizable Parameters: Tailor the indicator settings to align with your trading strategy and risk tolerance.
Multi-Timeframe Analysis: Seamlessly analyze price action across different timeframes, enabling comprehensive market assessment and strategy formulation.
Visual Clarity: Intuitive chart visualization ensures easy interpretation of key levels and trend dynamics.
Real-Time Updates: Stay informed with real-time updates as market conditions evolve, empowering proactive decision-making and trade execution.
Intraday FIB ScalpingThe Intraday Fibonacci Levels Indicator is a powerful tool designed to enhance trading decisions in intraday markets. Leveraging the dynamic nature of Fibonacci retracement levels, this indicator utilizes the high and low prices observed within the first 15 minutes of the trading session to plot key levels and establish potential entry and exit zones.
Key Features:
Automatic Calculation: The indicator swiftly calculates Fibonacci retracement levels based on the highest high and lowest low recorded during the initial 15 minutes of the trading day. This ensures a quick and accurate representation of potential support and resistance levels.
Zone Marking for Precision: The indicator marks specific zones on the chart, providing traders with clear visual cues for potential entry and exit points. These zones are strategically aligned with Fibonacci levels, offering a systematic approach to decision-making.
User-Friendly Interface: With a user-friendly interface, the Intraday Fibonacci Levels Indicator is suitable for both novice and experienced traders. The intuitive design allows for easy interpretation of signals and levels.
By harnessing the power of Fibonacci retracement levels and incorporating them into an intraday context, this indicator empowers traders with a systematic and data-driven approach to decision-making. Whether identifying entry points, setting stop losses, or planning exit strategies, the Intraday Fibonacci Levels Indicator serves as a valuable ally in navigating the complexities of intraday trading.
How to Trade using these Levels?
With this indicator, you can see all the levels between whole number and its corresponding 0.272 were highlighted. That is where we need to look for intraday trade entry. If any of the level broken on either side and the bar closes below ore above the highlighted area, we should enter the trade in that direction with immediate next FIB level as TP1 and subsequent level as TP2. And, an opposite directional close above or below the highlighted level will be considered as stop loss exit.
We prefer to trade in 3 minutes or 5 minutes timeframe for intraday trading.
How we plot the levels?
We are incorporating ORB into Fibonacci to plot intraday trading levels. We use high and low of first 15 minutes candle of each new trading session to arrive the levels for that session.
When market is trading above or below initially plotted levels, user can extend the levels by enabling extentions provided in user settings
Opening Range & Prior Day High/Low [Gorb]Introduction:
Opening Range & Prior Day High/Low indicator is an easy to use day traders tool. This indicator automatically plots the previous days high and low, as well as drawing a box from the opening range that the user specifies in the settings. These two together can help provide an indication of market sentiment and price trends for the day. They are often used as a trading strategy for day traders.
Overview:
The Opening Range , draws a box from the high to the low of the user defined time period and is extended until the end of the trading session. Most common are the 5/15/30min opening ranges.
Prior Day High/Low , draws lines from the previous days high and low that extend across the current session. These are used as support/resistance and also a marker to see market sentiment by crossing one of these levels.
The indicator is designed for all kinds of traders, offering a simple approach to automatically plot levels for you.
Features:
All skill-level friendly presets, easy to enable with one-click
Opening Range: Allows user to choose what time the range starts and ends to measure the high & low.
Extend Range Lines: allows the user to choose when the box stops extending according to the trading session time.
Enable Opening Range Box: allows the user to choose to plot the opening range or not.
ORB Border Color: allows the user to change the box border color.
ORB Box Shade Color: allows the user to change the background of the opening range box.
ORB Line Width: allows users to chose the width of the opening range box lines.
Enable Previous Day High: allows users to enable the previous days high to be plotted.
Enable Previous Day Low: allows users to enable the previous days high to be plotted.
Previous Day High Color: allows users to choose the color for this line.
Previous Day Low Color: allows users to choose the color for this line.
All colors are changeable for the user to customize to their liking.
Usage Demonstration
In the image below, we can see a basic example of how these 3 features function.
As explained above, the opening range is customizable to meet the users needs and can be disabled with one click. Same goes for the prior day high(green) and low(red) lines. All 3 are plotted each day automatically for the user if enabled.
In the image below, we can see an example of using the opening range break and prior day high together for a trading strategy.
This is a great example of using the prior day high with the opening range to use as a day trading strategy. It provides the trader with levels to watch for price to break out from for possible trade setups.
In this next image, we can see a failed breakdown from the opening range that results in a bullish breakout.
The first move was a fake breakdown with the failed rejection on the retest of the opening range lows. This led to a breakout above the range and a confirmation bounce on the breakout retest. Price did break above the prior day high and confirmed with a retest bounce on that level as well.
In the image below, we can see how previous days levels can act as resistance to use with the opening range.
Price didn't reject the opening range low, but it did reject the prior day high for the second time. This could be used as an entry or once price breaks down out of the opening range again.
Conclusion:
We believe in providing user-friendly tools to help speed up traders technical analysis and implement easy trading strategies. The goal is to provide a user-friendly indicator to automatically draw opening ranges and previous days levels to suit the users needs and trading style.
RISK DISCLAIMER
All content, tools, scripts & education provided by Monstanzer or Gorb Algo LLC are for informational & educational purposes only. Trading is risk and most lose their money, past performance does not guarantee future results.
j trader ModelAn indicator designed to trade indices using the jtrader model and ICT concepts.
jtrader Model:
Below are the key points to trade this model:
Power of 3 is the key element of this model.
Accumulation during pre NY open.NY Open represents 9:30am opening of NY Stock Exchange.
Manipulation(JUDA) immediately after NY open. Juda is a manipulated move by the indices after the session open.
Distribution as a reversal with BOS ,Heatmap preferably during Macros. Distribution is market phase where it moves towards its original expansion during macros. Macros are 20 minute time windows where indices give moves with strong force. Heatmap represent kis point of interests for the trade.
Indicator Features:
Creates a complete window of trading with key elements needed to trade The jtrader Model.
Identify and marks key points of interests (POIs).
Identify and highlights key swing points of Sessions, Days, Weeks, True open etc.
Highlights the NY Open.
Highlights the Macros.
Indicator Settings:
Enable/Disable any POI marking.
Adjust session time ranges.
Adjust enabling of model poi marking time window.
Choose color of choice for highlighting the POI.
Enable/Disable Macros.
This indicator will gradually updated with new features to trade the jtrader model. Your feedback will help us improve and enhance this indicator.
[GTH decimals heatmap] (wide screen advised)Preface
I share my personal general view on indicators below; skip ahead to the Description below if you are not interested.
It is my personal conviction that most - if not all - indicators rely mainly on trader's belief that they work, and in a feedback system like free markets they might become a self-fulfilling prophecy as a result, if (!) a big part of the traders believes in it, because some famous trader releases an indicator, or such person's public statement goes viral.
One of those voodoo indicators is the famous "follow-through day". There is zero statistical evidence for its validity, beyond the validity of a statement like "If it's bright at day it's usually the sun shining". The uselessness was proven exactly on its inventor's YT channel, Investors Business Daily. According to the examiner, its inventor William J. O'Neil himself could not explain the values used for this indicator. It might have been an incidental observation at some point without general validity. A.k.a "curve fitting". Still, it's being used by many today.
Another one of those indicators is the three points reversal on the S&P 500 Volatility Index (VIX) which allegedly might potentially maybe indicate a possible shift in trend. Both indicators share an immediately problematic feature: They use absolute values. Nothing is ever absolute in a highly subjective and emotionally driven game like the markets where a lot of money can be made and lost.
Most indicators can not produce additional information since they can only re-pack price/volume action. Many times an interpretion of the distance between price and a moving average and/or the slope of a moving average deliver very similar - if not better - results than MACD, RSI etc., especially with standard settings, the origin of which are usually unknown (always a warning sign). Very few indicators can deliver information which is otherwise hard to quantify, e. g. market noise (Kaufman's Efficiency Ratio or Price Density) or volatility, standard deviation etc.
It is common knowledge that trading the markets is a game of probability. No indicator works all the time (or at all, see above). In order to make decisions based on any indicator, the probability for its validity and the conditions under which validity seemed to have occurred, must be known. Otherwise it is just coffee grounds reading under the illusion of adding to the edge, when in fact it is only adding to the trees, making it even harder to see the forest.
Description
A common belief is that whole or half-dollar prices tend to be attraction points in price action, so a number of traders include those into decision making. But are they really...?
Spoiler Alert:
Generally, it is safe to say that for the big majority of stocks there is very thin evidence for it. It depends vastly on the asset, the timeframe used and the market period (pre/post/main trading times). If at all, there seems to be an above random but still thin evidence for whole prices being significant attraction points. Interesting/surprising patterns are visible on many stocks/timeframes/session periods, though.
The screenshot shows TSLA, 30m timeframe, two heatmaps added. The top one shows pre/post-market data only, the bottom one main market data only. The cyan fields indicate the strongest occurrence, the dark blue fields indicate the weakest occurrence of open/high/low/close prices at the respective decimal. The red field indicates the current/last price decimal.
Clearly, TSLA displays a strong pre-market attraction for .00, followed by .33 and .67 and .50. This pattern of thirds seems to be a unique feature of TSLA. In the main trading session it is being diluted by a more random distribution.
Other interesting equities to examine:
SPY: No significant pattern on any timeframe!
META: Generally weak patterns on all timeframes, but interestingly on the 1D there is evidence for less randomness on O and H, more on L and most on C.
AAPL: 1D, foggy attraction areas around .35 and .12. Whole price is no attraction area at all! Very weak attraction around .73.
AMD: Strong pattern on D, W, M, attraction areas around 1/16th intervals. No patterns on lower timeframes.
AMZN: Significant differences between pre/post and main session. Strong 1/16th pattern below D in pre/post.
TAOP: Strong 1/5th pattern on all timeframes.
Read the tool tips and go explore!
Intraday Intensity ModesIntraday Intensity Index was created by David Bostian and its use was later featured by John Bollinger in his book "Bollinger on Bollinger Bands" . It is categorically a volume indicator and considered to be a useful tool for analyzing supply and demand dynamics in the market. By measuring the level of buying and selling pressure within a given trading session it attempts to provide insights into the strength of market participants' interest and their aggressiveness in executing trades throughout the day. It can be used in conjunction with Bollinger Bands® or other envelope type indicators as a complimentary indicator to aid in trying to identify potential turning points or trends.
Intraday intensity is calculated based upon the relationship between the price change and the volume of shares traded during each daily interval. It aims to capture the level of buying or selling activity relative to the overall volume. A high intraday intensity value suggests a higher level of buying or selling pressure, indicating a more active and potentially volatile market. Conversely, a low intraday intensity value indicates less pronounced trading activity and a potentially quieter market. Overall, intraday intensity provides a concise description of the intensity of trading activity during a particular trading session, giving traders an additional perspective on market dynamics. Note that because the calculation uses volume this indicator will only work on symbols where volume is available.
While there are pre-existing versions within community scripts, none were found to have applied the calculations necessary for the various modes that are presented within this version, which are believed to be operating in the manner originally intended when first described by Bostian and again later by Bollinger. When operating in default modes on daily or lower chart timeframes the logic used within this script tracks the intraday high, low, close and volume for the day with each progressing intraday bar.
The BB indicator was included on the top main chart to help illustrate example usage as described below. The Intraday Intensity Modes indicator is pictured operating in three different modes beneath the main chart:
• The top pane beneath the main chart shows the indicator operating as a normalized 21 day II% oscillator. A potential use while in this mode would be to look for positive values as potential confirmation of strength when price tags the upper or lower Bollinger bands, and to look for negative values as potential confirmation of weakness when price tags the upper or lower Bollinger bands.
• The middle pane shows the indicator operating as an "open ended" cumulative sum of II. A potential use while in this mode would be to look for convergence or divergence of trend when price is making new highs or lows, or while price is walking the upper or lower Bollinger bands.
• The bottom pane shows the indicator operating in standard III mode, which provides independent values per session.
Indicator Settings: Inputs tab:
Osc Length : Set to 1 disables oscillation, values greater than 1 enables oscillation for II% (Intraday Intensity percent) mode.
Tootip : Hover mouse over (i) to show recommended example Settings for various modes.
Cumulative : When enabled values are cumulatively summed for the entire chart and indicator operates in II mode.
Normalized : When enabled a rolling window of Osc Length values are summed and normalized to the rolling window's volume.
Intrabar : When enabled price range and volume are evaluated for intensity per bar instead of per day which is a departure from the original
concept. Whenever this setting is enabled the indicator should be regarded as operating in an experimental mode.
Colors For Up Down : Sets the plot colors used, may be overridden in Settings:Style tab.
Styles / Width : Sets the plot style and width used, may be overridden in Settings:Style tab.
This indicator is designed to work with any chart timeframe, with the understanding that when used on timeframes higher than daily the indicator becomes "IntraPeriod" intensity, for example on weekly bars it would be "IntraWeek" intensity. On Daily or lower timeframes the indicator operates as "IntraDay" intensity and is being updated on each bar as each day progresses. If the experimental setting Intrabar is enabled then the indicator operates as "IntraBar" intensity and is no longer constrained to daily or higher evaluations, for example with Intrabar enabled on a 4H timeframe the indicator would operate as "Intra4H" intensity.
NOTICE: This is an example script and not meant to be used as an actual strategy. By using this script or any portion thereof, you acknowledge that you have read and understood that this is for research purposes only and I am not responsible for any financial losses you may incur by using this script!
Volume DashboardReleasing Volume Dashboard indicator.
What it does:
The volume dashboard indicator pulls volume from the current session. The current session is defaulted to NYSE trading hours (9:30 - 1600).
It cumulates buying and selling volume.
Buying volume is defined as volume associated with a green candle.
Selling volume is defined as volume associated with a red candle.
It also pulls Put to Call Ratio data from the Ticker PCC (Total equity put to call ratios).
With this data, the indicator displays the current Buy Volume and the Current Sell Volume.
It then uses this to calculate a "Buyer to Seller Ratio". The Buy to Sell ratio is calculated by Buy Volume divided by Sell Volume.
This gives a ratio value and this value will be discussed below.
The Indicator also displays the current Put to Call Ratio from PCC, as well as displays the SMA.
Buy to Sell Ratio:
The hallmark of this indicator is its calculation of the buy to sell ratio.
A buy to sell ratio of 1 or greater means that buyers are generally surpassing sellers.
However, a buy to sell ratio below 1 generally means that sellers are outpacing buyers (0 buyers to 0.xyx sellers).
The SMA is also displayed for buy to sell ratio. Generally speaking, a buy to sell SMA of greater than or equal to 1 means that there are consistent buyers showing up. Below this, means there is inconsistent buying.
Change Analysis:
The indicator also displays the current change of Volume and Put to Call.
Put to Call Change:
A negative change in Put to Call is considered positive, as puts are declining (i.e. sentiment is bullish).
A positive change in Put to Call is considered negative, as puts are increasing (i.e. sentiment is bearish).
The Put to Call change is also displayed in an SMA to see if the negative or positive change is consistent.
Volume Change :
A negative volume change is negative, as buyers are leaving (i.e. sentiment is bearish).
A positive volume change is positive, as buyers are coming in (i.e. sentiment is bullish).
The volume change is also displayed as an SMA to see if the negative or positive change is consistent.
Indicator breakdown:
The indicator displays the total cumulative Buy vs Sell volume at the top.
From there, it displays the Ratio and various other variables it tracks.
The colour scheme will change to signal bearish vs bullish variables. If a box is red, the indicator is assessing it as a bearish indicator.
If it is green, it is considered a bullish indicator.
The indicator will also plot a green up arrow when buying volume surpasses selling volume and a red down arrow when selling volume surpasses buying volume:
Customization:
The indicator is defaulted to regular market hours of the NYSE. If you are using this for trading Futures, or trading pre-market, you will need to manually adjust the session time to include these time periods.
The indicator is defaulted to read volume data on the 1 minute timeframe. My suggestion is to leave it as such, even if you are viewing this on the 5 minute timeframe.
The volume data is best accumulated over the 1 minute timeframe. This permits more reliable reading of volume data.
However, you do have the ability to manually modify this if you wish.
As well, the user can toggle on or off the SMA assessments. If you do not wish to view the SMAs, simply toggle off "Show SMAs" in the settings menu.
The user can also choose what time period the SMA is using. It is defaulted to a 14 candle lookback, but you can modify this to your liking, simply input the desired lookback time in the SMA lookback input box on the settings menu. Please note, the SMA Length setting will apply to ALL of the SMAs.
That is the bulk of the indicator!
As always, let me know your questions or feedback on the indicator below.
Thank you for taking the time to check it out and safe trades!
Distribution DaysWhat is Distribution Day?
A distribution day is when a market representative index (for example, Nifty 50) loses more than 0.2 percent in a day, with volume higher than that of the previous session.
When a distribution day occurs, it hints that big institutional investors are exiting or reducing their positions in the market. Institutional activity is what moves any market, especially in India where retail participation is small.
How does it help in sensing market weakness?
When the market is in an uptrend, the intensity of market weakness is determined by the distribution day count. An investor keeps count of all valid distribution days (as per above definition) during an uptrend.
A distribution day count of 2-3 is benign and usually normal in an uptrend. But when the count goes to 5-6, one should prepare to get his/her positions trimmed.
Distribution Day Expiry:
ven though a distribution day hints that institutions may be liquidating their positions, it loses its impact after 25 trading sessions. A distribution day is also removed from the count after the index rallies 5 percent above that day’s close.
CPR with Developing Pivot RangeThis Developing Pivot Range(DPR) made by Saravanan_Ragavan based on Pivot Boss Developing Pivot Range Concept. This indicator will show how the CPR is developing during the day. Also it shows how trend developing. range fills with green and widening in up trend, wise versa range fills with red and widening in down trend.
Pivot Boss described as following about this indicator:
The Developing Pivot Range (DPR) indicator dynamically calculates the central pivot range in real time as new data enters the market bar by bar. Essentially, this indicator allows you to see the “meat of the market” as the day’s trading activity is taking place. More importantly, however, the closing values for the indicator tell you where the central pivot range will be located for the following session, which paves the way for analyzing extremely important two-day pivot range relationships and key width characteristics. Having this information in advance allows us to prepare properly for the
upcoming session.
Note: Today Session end DPR become Tomorrow's CPR.
Hope this Helps you!
Volume Variation Index IndicatorThis tool is a quantitative tip for analysts who study volumes or create volume based trading strategies.
Like all our projects, we start with a statistical logic to which we add coding logic.
This indicator can save a huge amount of time in calculating the variation of volume between sessions .
How it work
The indicator calculates the difference between the volume of the last closing bar and the volume of the previous closing bar. It shows the difference between the trading volumes.
The session in which the trading volume is up are represented in green.
Red session represent trading volume down.
We have added a third function.
Through the User Interface the trader can activate or deactivate the variation average.
The indicator is able to calculate the average of the volume changes by representing it with a blue line.
To activate the average, simply set it to ON in the User Interface.
By default, the indicator calculates the average of the last 10 periods, but you are free to set this parameter in the User Interface.
Data access
To access the data, simply move the cursor. When you move the cursor over the green bars, the increase data will be displayed in green. By hovering the cursor over the red bars you will see the decrease data in red. By hovering the cursor over the average will show you the average data in blue.
The data is displayed in the top left corner of the indicator dashboard.
If you found this indicator helpful, please like our script.
MarketProfileHello All,
The said script plots MarketProfile of previous Session. Additional Feature is that we can plot Developing pocLine on realtime basis. The script plots Va High, Va Low and Point of Control of previous session, which becomes reference for tracking the price behavior in next session.
Hope this can be further developed to include the Characters on the chart. It provides ability to plot profile for different timeframes
The script has borrowed Ideas from @lonesometheblue, @juliusCrypto and @Ricardo Sanstos
Gap RiderThis Indicator allows you to make statistics on the performance of any underlying on the days in which an opening gap occurs.
Specifically, the indicator was designed for "0 dte" options trades. In fact, it is possible to find parameters that give a good statistical advantage by opening a spread in the direction of the gap, creating a trade that has a risk-return ratio of 1: 1.
The indicator shows flags on the graph (green in case of gap up, red in case of gap down) and colored boxes (green in case the stock closed in the direction of the gap, red in case the stock closed in the opposite direction to the gap, yellow in the event that the stock closed at a distance that did not allow the spread in options to close in maximum loss or maximum profit, and therefore in breakeven)
The statistics panel, on the other hand, contains all the information necessary to search for parameters that give the trader a good statistical advantage.
In the settings you can filter the days of the week, only gap up or only gap down, ATR thresholds (volatility), points or minimum percentage for which a gap is taken into account, measure of the breakeven (which for options traders should represent the half the width of the spread to open), large gaps filter that takes into consideration only gaps that open out of range compared to the previous session. The Lookback parameter of course is used to set how many bars to take into account for the statistics.
Parameters and recommended strategy:
TODAY 31/08/2021 - Lookback 500 bars (2 years)
UNDERLYING: SPX
FILTERS: only Monday and Wednesday, only gap up, only gap> 0.01%
STRATEGY: exactly at opening, cover an ATM spread in the direction of the gap (example: gap up, I open a long call spread) that has the opening price as a break even, with a risk-return ratio of 1: 1 and leave it open until closing session, or set take profit at 90-95%. It is advisable to take into consideration the SPX statistics but to operate on the ES future so as to be able to open the spread a couple of minutes before the opening of the cash session and prevent the trade from "running away" due to too sudden movements of the opening. .
RESULTS:
124 Trade
70% profitable trades
30% losing trades
Max drawdown 3 trades
So assuming a spread on ES 10 points wide, each trade would gain or lose $ 250, applying the described strategy we would have in two years, investing only $ 250, a profit of $ 12500, with a max drawdown of $ 750. We would therefore have a profit of 5000%, or rather 2500% per year on the invested capital, with a drawdown of a much lower proportion of the profit ($ 750 compared to $ 6250 of annual profit).
The strategy is infinitely scalable by increasing the options contracts used and the impact of the commissions is almost zero.
MONEY MANAGEMENT: Example on a 50K account, with a spread that earns or loses $ 500, in two years it earns $ 25,000, therefore about 12500 per year, with a max drawdown of $ 1500, therefore 25% per year on the ENTIRE ACCOUNT with a maximum drawdown of 3%.
Note: the test was performed without a break even parameter, so the actual result will be more moderate, but of the same explosive nature.
** BUG STILL LOOKING FOR SOLUTION **
only in case the filters are set to take into account ONLY the gap down, the drawdown count in the statistics panel shows an incorrect result "
ACD - Layers 1 & 2An implementation of layers 1 & 2 of ACD strategy of Mark Fisher, based on the book "The Logical Trader".
This implementation contains:
- OR lines
- A lines
- C lines
- Daily pivot range
- N days pivot range
- Customizable trading session
Strategy summary (This implementation):
There is 3 main concepts, each of which represented as two price levels.
1) OR (Opening Range) is the range of the first bar of the day. In other words, it's just "high - low" of the first resolution (usually 15min.) bar of the day. So, OR lines (Aqua color) visualize this range for each trading session.
As stated by Mark Fisher in his book, this range is meant to be a statistically significant range such that when price breaks the range in one direction, This is UNUSUAL to infiltrate it again AND break through the other side. So we can consider it as a potential enter signal (long or short).
2) A lines (Blue color) are drawn above and below OR lines with difference of 10% 0f 10 days ATR. The ATR period and the A multiplier (usually 10%) is customizable.
3) C lines (Gray color) are drawn above and below OR lines at 15% of 10 Days ATR difference. These lines help detecting AND confirming that UNUSUAL situation.
These concepts form the layer 1, which you can spot potential opportunities with it.
There is also two ranges to show support and resistance levels based on price action of previous days. Pivot ranges are rolling ranges that calculated and last for each day separately. They only differ in calculation period - the first one is daily (yellow color area) and the other one (red color area) is customizable, but is usually 3 or 5 days.
Each range consists of two price levels, valid for the current trading session. One of theme is HL2 , and the other one is "HLC3 + abs(HLC3 - HL2 )".
These two ranges, "Daily pivot range" and "N days pivot range", form the layer 2, which you can see them as two dynamic support/resistance ranges - one for daily, and the other for N days. They help filtering opportunities spotted from layer 1.
There is 2 more layers in the ACD strategy, which is omitted in this free implementation.
Responsive Linear Regression ChannelsThis is a linear trend indicator that can:
- automagically adjust to different chart resolutions
- snap to day/session boundaries on intraday
- totally not do the above and use ye olde good fixed lookback window
- show the regression trend and its RMSE channels
- disregard the trend and just show the period average and standard deviation lines (often acting as support and resistance)
The main idea was to allow you to quickly view linear trends for different time periods without having to calculate the required amount of bars.
By default, you will be able to quickly switch between 1-3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 5 years of data, as well as various daily lookback periods.
Please adjust resolution settings to your liking.
Caveats:
- More data means more noise and slower calculations.
- HLC3 source is recommended, especially at resolutions above hourly.
- Trend will be slightly different if you use extended hours.
- If you use extended hours and don't have a data subscription, trend will be SUBSTANTIALLY different, especially at smaller resolutions like 1m.
- You might want to use 3.5 days per week for crypto (it's 7 days by default).
Known problems:
- If you can't see the trendlines, scroll to the left or zoom out - the origin could be outside of your viewport.
- Futures' sessions start on the previous day. We currently snap only to day boundaries, not session breaks.
- UVXY and the like that have extremely high price datapoints. The calculations will be wrong on some resolutions.
- Replay can freeze circa bar_index 244 — disable smart lookback and keep your window under 240 bars if you encounter this.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
Many thanks to alexgrover for his extremely efficient functions (used with permission)
FlashCardGroupCombined scripts to make it easier to place EMA and Session times on your chart. Anyone can use it and its open source or should be.
There are two configurations for EMA but labeled SMA and EMA. Each check box turns off 3 emas so if you only want 200 and 800 turn off the SMA check box.
Session times should be configured to your broker times when Asian, London or NYC sessions occur not local time.
Multi-Exchange Volume (30 Tickers) by kurtsmock + BV + rVolauthor: kurtsmock
Fully Customizable ticker set. Up to 30 Tickers. Bitcoin set as default.
-- IMPORTANT NOTE: --
30 Exchanges are a lot. It can take a while to load. You can fully customize this indicator to your liking. Here's how:
1. Load indicator
2. Open Settings
3. Uncheck the switch box for exchanges you want unincluded
4. At the bottom of the settings menu click "Defaults" and hit "Save as Default"
5. To turn them all back on, hit "Reset Settings" in that same "Defaults" menu and click "Save as Default" again.
Also, you don't have to use this with Bitcoin. This works with any asset, just change the ticker in the settings.
There's a lot going on with this indicator so the following is descriptions and instructions to help you better understand what's going on here. Thanks!
Goal:
- To provide a mechanism for assets on multiple exchanges to have their volume evaluated together
Edge:
- Having better and more complete volume information
Notes:
- The Default Exchanges for this indicator are highest volume bitcoin exchanges, but may contain "fake volume"
- Indicator is set for Bitcoin by default. However, you can change the tickers to reflect any asset you want
////// rVol //////
Goal:
- To understand how much volume is being executed relative to the same candle on previous days/periods
Edge:
- Higher rVol implies higher volatility and market interest.
- High rVol = higher than average volume . Markets move on volume so higher than average volume indicates increased market activity/volatility
- rVol is an indirect measure of active or anticipated volatility
Definitions:
- rVol: The volume of a period compared to the Average Volume of that same period in past sessions
- Important to note it does NOT add up the last 10 (default) candles, but rather the last 10 candles at session intervals.
- Example:
-- On a Tuesday, 1h chart it will add up the last ten Tuesday, 9:00 am candles, not including the current, active candle.
-- It then averages those lookback candles.
-- It then plots the percentage relationship between the most recent candle and the average of the lookback candles
-- Avg Vol of Lookback candles = 5000,
-- Volume of most recent candle = 4000: Output = rVol = 80:
-- Volume of most recent candle was 80% of the average volume in the 9 am time period of the last ten Tuesdays in the 9 am, 1h period
Notes:
- rVol does not add current candle volume into lookback sum. So, you set lookback to be: (not including the current day)
- rVol is on a switch. So, if you want to see rVol instead of volume, hit the switch in the settings
- If you want to see both, load 2 instances of the indicator.
////// Better-er Volume //////
Goal:
To Identify:
- When a candle closes at the highest volume * range relative to the lookback period and close > open
- When a candle closes at the highest volume * range relative to the lookback period and close < open
- When a candle closes at the highest volume / price relative to the lookback period
Edge:
- Identifies beginnings of price expansion, climax of price expansion, breakouts, pivots, and take profit points on the volume chart
Notes:
- Based generally on Barry Taylor's "Better Volume" indicator and ideas from Pascal Willain's book "Value in Time."
- Better-er Volume rules are applied to both Total Volume or rVol.
-- When rVol is displayed Better-er Volume is applied to rVol
-- When Total Volume is displayed Better-er Volume is applied to Total Volume
// Plot Key: //
Green Triangle Up = Often marks the beginning and/or end of price expansion to the upside
Red Triangle Up = Often marks the beginning and/or end of price expansion to the downside
Yellow Square = High Volume but Tight Range. Implies a Battle of Bulls and Bears. High Liquidity area. Provided Liquidity is not enough to move price. Thick Limit Order Book.
Purple Triangle Up or Down = Implies high market participation. Typically at the end of expansion when very significant s/r is hit
category: volume Volatility
tags: Volume rVol relativevolume Bitcoin cryptocurrency bettervolume
Many More Volume Indicators Coming Out Soon!
Previous Day Max 15-Mins Move High/LowIntroduction
This TradingView script is designed to help traders quickly identify significant price movement levels from the previous trading day based on the 15-minute time frame. It finds the largest high-to-low range of any 15-minute candle from the prior day and draws horizontal lines at those levels. These levels can help traders set potential support and resistance zones, aiding in intraday trading decisions and market analysis.
In many trading strategies, significant levels from previous sessions are crucial for determining potential support and resistance points. By identifying the largest price move from the prior day’s 15-minute candles, this script can highlight areas of market interest where volatility was at its highest. Traders can use these levels to:
Anticipate potential reversal points.
Plan entries and exits based on key support and resistance.
Gauge market sentiment by observing how the price reacts to these levels during the current session.
This can be especially valuable in fast-paced trading environments or when analyzing shorter time frames. The lines extend across all time frames, so you can use this script on higher time frames as well to see previous-day levels while zooming out.
Dynamic Support & Resistance TrackerThe "Dynamic Support & Resistance Tracker" is a powerful Pine Script study designed to identify and visualize key support and resistance levels on a trading chart. This study dynamically adjusts to market conditions, providing traders with valuable insights for making informed trading decisions.
Key Features:
Dynamic Support & Resistance Lines:
The script identifies and plots support and resistance levels using pivot points based on a user-defined number of left and right bars.
Resistance lines are plotted in red, while support lines are plotted in blue, making it easy to distinguish between the two.
Toggle Breaks:
Users can choose to display or hide break signals for support and resistance levels using a simple toggle input.
Volume Threshold:
The study includes daily and weekly high and low calculations to provide a comprehensive view of market ranges.
Previous high and low lines are plotted for both daily and weekly timeframes, aiding in identifying potential breakout or breakdown levels.
Regular Market Hours:
The script defines regular market hours and tracks sessions, ensuring that support and resistance levels are relevant to active trading periods.
Midline and Extension Lines:
The study calculates and plots a midline between the previous high and low, along with extension lines above and below the range. These lines help identify potential target levels and extensions beyond the current range.
Real-time Updates:
The script ensures that all lines are updated in real-time, adjusting to new bars as they form. This dynamic feature keeps the levels relevant and accurate throughout the trading session.
Usage Instructions:
Adjust the number of left and right bars to define the sensitivity of the support and resistance levels.
Toggle the display of break signals to highlight significant breaks in support or resistance.
Monitor the daily and weekly high and low lines to understand the broader market context.
Utilize the midline and extension lines to set potential price targets and manage risk effectively.
This study provides traders with a robust tool for identifying and reacting to key market levels, enhancing their trading strategies with dynamic and real-time insights.
