Expansion Triangle [TradingFinder] MegaPhone Broadening🔵 Introduction
The Expanding Triangle, also known as the Broadening Formation, is one of the key technical analysis patterns that clearly reflects growing market volatility, increasing indecision among participants, and the potential for sharp price explosions.
This pattern is typically defined by a sequence of higher highs and lower lows, forming within two diverging trendlines. Unlike traditional triangles that converge to a breakout point, the expanding triangle pattern becomes wider over time, leaving no precise apex for a breakout to occur.
From a price action perspective, the pattern represents a prolonged tug-of-war between buyers and sellers, where neither side has taken control yet. Each aggressive swing opens the door to new opportunities whether it's a trend reversal, range trading, or a momentum breakout. This dual nature makes the pattern highly versatile across market conditions, from exhausted trend ends to volatile consolidation zones.
The custom-built indicator for this pattern uses a combination of smart algorithms and detailed analysis of swing dynamics to automatically detect expanding triangles and highlight low-risk entry points.
Traders can use this tool to capitalize on high-probability setups from shorting near the upper edge of the structure with confirmation, to trading bearish breakouts during trend continuations, or entering long positions near the lower boundary during bullish reversals. The chart examples included in this article demonstrate these three highly practical trading scenarios in live market conditions.
A major advantage of this indicator lies in its structural filtering engine, which analyzes the behavior of each price leg in the triangle. With four adjustable filter levels from Very Aggressive, which highlights all potential patterns, to Very Defensive, which only triggers when price actually touches the triangle's trendlines the indicator ensures that only structurally sound and verified setups appear on the chart, reducing noise and false signals significantly.
Long Setup :
Short Setup :
🔵 How to Use
The pattern typically forms in conditions of heightened uncertainty and volatility, where price swings generate a series of higher highs and lower lows. The expanding triangle consists of three key legs bounded by diverging trendlines. The indicator intelligently analyzes each leg's direction and angle to determine whether a valid pattern is forming.
At the core of the indicator’s logic is its leg filtering system, which controls the quality of the pattern and filters out weak or noisy setups. Four structural filter modes are available to suit different trading styles and risk preferences. In Very Aggressive mode, filters are disabled, and the indicator detects any pattern purely based on the sequence of swing points.
This mode is ideal for traders who want to see everything and apply their own discretion.
In Aggressive mode, the indicator checks whether each new leg extends no more than twice the length of the previous one. If a leg overshoots excessively, the structure is invalidated.
In Defensive mode, the filter enforces a minimum movement requirement each leg must move at least 2% of the previous one. This prevents the formation of shallow, weak patterns that visually resemble triangles but lack substance.
The strictest setting, Very Defensive, combines all previous filters and additionally requires the price to physically touch the triangle’s trendlines before issuing a signal. This ensures that setups only appear when real market interaction with key structural levels has occurred, not based on assumptions or geometry alone. This mode is ideal for traders seeking maximum precision and minimal risk.
🟣 Bullish Setup
A bullish setup within the Expanding Triangle pattern occurs when price revisits the lower support boundary after a series of broad swings typically near the third leg of the formation. This area often represents a shift in momentum, where sellers begin to lose strength and buyers prepare to take control.
Ideally, the setup is accompanied by a bullish reversal candle (e.g. doji, pin bar, or engulfing) near the lower trendline. If the Very Defensive filter is active, the indicator will only issue a signal if price makes a confirmed touch on the trendline and reacts from that level. This significantly improves signal accuracy and filters out premature entries.
After confirmation, traders may choose to enter a long position on the bullish candle or shortly afterward. A logical stop-loss is placed just below the recent swing low within the pattern. The target can be set at or near the upper trendline, or projected using the full height of the triangle added to the breakout point. On higher timeframes, this reversal often marks the beginning of a strong uptrend.
🟣 Bearish Setup
A bearish setup forms when price climbs toward the upper resistance trendline, usually as the third leg completes. This is where buyers often begin to show exhaustion, and sellers step in with strength providing an ideal low-risk entry point for short positions.
As with the bullish setup, if the Candle Confirmation filter is enabled, the indicator will only show a signal when a bearish reversal candle forms at the point of contact. If Defensive or Very Defensive filters are also active, the setup must meet strict criteria of proportionate leg movement and an actual trendline touch to qualify.
Once confirmed, traders can enter on the reversal candle, placing a stop-loss slightly above the recent high. The target can be set at the lower trendline or calculated based on the triangle's full height, projected downward. This setup is particularly useful at the end of weak bullish trends or in volatile market tops.
🔵 Settings
🟣 Logic Settings
Pivot Period : Defines how many bars are analyzed to identify swing highs and lows. Higher values detect larger, slower structures, while lower values respond to faster patterns. The default value of 13 offers a balanced sensitivity.
Pattern Filter :
Very Aggressive : Detects all patterns based on point sequence with no structural checks.
Aggressive : Ensures each leg is no more than 2x the size of the previous one.
Defensive : Requires each leg to be at least 2% the size of the previous leg.
Very Defensive : The strictest level; only confirms patterns when price touches trendlines.
Candle Confirmation : When enabled, the indicator requires a valid confirmation candle (doji, pin bar, engulfing) at the interaction point with the trendline before issuing a signal. This reduces false entries and improves entry precision.
🟣 Alert Settings
Alert : Enables alerts for SSS.
Message Frequency : Determines the frequency of alerts. Options include 'All' (every function call), 'Once Per Bar' (first call within the bar), and 'Once Per Bar Close' (final script execution of the real-time bar). Default is 'Once per Bar'.
Show Alert Time by Time Zone : Configures the time zone for alert messages. Default is 'UTC'.
🔵 Conclusion
The Expanding Triangle pattern, with its wide structure and volatility-driven nature, represents chaos but also opportunity. For traders who can read its behavior, it provides some of the most powerful setups for reversals, breakouts, and range-based trades. While the pattern may seem messy at first glance, it is built on clear logic and when properly detected, it offers high-probability opportunities.
This indicator doesn’t just draw expanding triangles it intelligently evaluates their structural quality, validates price interaction through candle confirmation, and allows the trader to fine-tune the detection logic through adjustable filter levels. Whether you’re a reversal trader looking for a turning point, or a breakout trader hunting momentum, this tool adapts to your strategy.
In volatile or uncertain markets, where fakeouts and sudden shifts are common, this indicator can become a cornerstone of your trading system helping you turn volatility into structured, high-quality opportunities.
Komut dosyalarını "algo" için ara
Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures (O-PLS)Version 0.1
Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures (O-PLS) Indicator for TradingView
This indicator, named "Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures (O-PLS)", is designed to help traders understand the relevance or predictive power of various market variables on the future close price of the asset it's applied to. Unlike standard correlation coefficients that show a simple linear relationship, O-PLS aims to separate variables into "predictive" (relevant to Y) and "orthogonal" (irrelevant noise) components. This Pine Script indicator provides a simplified proxy of the relevance score derived from O-PLS principles.
Purpose of the Indicator
The primary purpose of this indicator is to identify which technical factors (such as price, volume, and other indicators) have the strongest relationship with the future price movement of the current trading instrument. By providing a "relevance score" for each input variable, it helps traders focus on the most influential data points, potentially leading to more informed trading decisions.
Inputs
The indicator offers the following user-definable inputs:
* **Lookback Period:** This integer input (default: 100, min: 10, max: 500) determines the number of past bars used to calculate the relevance scores for each variable. A longer lookback period considers more historical data, which can lead to smoother, less reactive scores but might miss recent shifts in variable importance.
* **External Asset Symbol:** This symbol input (default: `BINANCE:BTCUSDT`) allows you to specify an external asset (e.g., `BINANCE:ETHUSDT`, `NASDAQ:TSLA`) whose close price will be included in the analysis as an additional variable. This is useful for cross-market analysis to see how other assets influence the current chart.
* **Plot Visibility Checkboxes (e.g., "Plot: Open Price Relevance", "Plot: Volume Relevance", etc.):** These boolean checkboxes allow you to toggle the visibility of individual relevance score plots on the chart, helping to declutter the display and focus on specific variables.
Outputs
The indicator provides two main types of output:
Relevance Score Plots: These are lines plotted in a separate pane below the main price chart. Each line corresponds to a specific market variable (Open Price, Close Price, High Price, Low Price, Volume, various RSIs, SMAs, MFI, and the External Asset Close). The value of each line represents the calculated "relevance score" for that variable, typically scaled between 0 and 10. A higher score indicates a stronger predictive relationship with the future close price.
Sorted Relevance Table : A table displayed in the top-right corner of the chart provides a clear, sorted list of all analyzed variables and their corresponding relevance scores. The table is sorted in descending order of relevance, making it easy to identify the most influential factors at a glance. Each variable name in the table is colored according to its plot color, and the external asset's name is dynamically displayed without the "BINANCE:" prefix.
How to Use the Indicator
1. **Add to Chart:** Apply the "Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures (O-PLS)" indicator to your desired trading chart (e.g., ETH/USDT).
2. **Adjust Inputs:**
* **Lookback Period:** Experiment with different lookback periods to see how the relevance scores change. A shorter period might highlight recent correlations, while a longer one might show more fundamental relationships.
* **External Asset Symbol:** If you trade BTC/USDT, you might add ETH/USDT or SPX as an external asset to see its influence.
3. **Analyze Relevance Scores:**
* **Plots:** Observe the individual relevance score plots over time. Are certain variables consistently high? Do scores change before significant price moves?
* **Table:** Refer to the sorted table on the latest confirmed bar to quickly identify the top-ranked variables.
4. **Incorporate into Strategy:** Use the insights from the relevance scores to:
* Prioritize certain indicators or price actions in your trading strategy. For example, if "Volume" has a high relevance score, it suggests volume confirmation is critical for future price moves.
* Understand the influence of inter-market relationships (via the External Asset Close).
How the Indicator Works
The indicator works by performing the following steps on each bar:
1. **Data Fetching:** It gathers historical data for various price components (open, high, low, close), volume, and calculated technical indicators (SMA, RSI, MFI) for the specified `lookback` period. It also fetches the close price of an `External Asset Symbol` .
2. **Standardization (Z-scoring):** All collected raw data series are standardized by converting them into Z-scores. This involves subtracting the mean of each series and dividing by its standard deviation . Standardization is crucial because it brings all variables to a common scale, preventing variables with larger absolute values from disproportionately influencing the correlation calculations.
3. **Correlation Calculation (Proxy for O-PLS Relevance):** The indicator then calculates a simplified form of correlation between each standardized input variable and the standardized future close price (Y variable) . This correlation is a proxy for the relevance that O-PLS would identify. A high absolute correlation indicates a strong linear relationship.
4. **Relevance Scaling:** The calculated correlation values are then scaled to a range of 0 to 10 to provide an easily interpretable "relevance score" .
5. **Output Display:** The relevance scores are presented both as time-series plots (allowing observation of changes over time) and in a real-time sorted table (for quick identification of top factors on the current bar) .
How it Differs from Full O-PLS
This indicator provides a *simplified proxy* of O-PLS principles rather than a full, mathematically rigorous O-PLS model. Here's why and how it differs:
* **Dimensionality Reduction:** A full O-PLS model would involve complex matrix factorization techniques to decompose the independent variables (X) into components that are predictive of Y and components that are orthogonal (unrelated) to Y but still describe X's variance. Pine Script's array capabilities and computational limits make direct implementation of these matrix operations challenging.
* **Orthogonal Components:** A true O-PLS model explicitly identifies and removes orthogonal components (noise) from the X data that are unrelated to Y. This indicator, in its simplified form, primarily focuses on the direct correlation (relevance) between each X variable and Y after standardization, without explicitly modeling and separating these orthogonal variations.
* **Predictive Model:** A full O-PLS model is ultimately a predictive model that can be used for regression (predicting Y). This indicator, however, focuses solely on **identifying the relevance/correlation of inputs to Y**, rather than building a predictive model for Y itself. It's more of an analytical tool for feature importance than a direct prediction engine.
* **Computational Intensity:** Full O-PLS involves Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) or Partial Least Squares (PLS) algorithms, which are computationally intensive. The indicator uses simpler statistical measures (mean, standard deviation, and direct correlation calculation over a lookback window) that are feasible within Pine Script's execution limits.
In essence, this Pine Script indicator serves as a practical tool for gaining insights into variable relevance, inspired by the spirit of O-PLS, but adapted for the constraints and common use cases of a TradingView environment.
AI Breakout Bands (Zeiierman)█ Overview
AI Breakout Bands (Zeiierman) is an adaptive trend and breakout detection system that combines Kalman filtering with advanced K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) smoothing. The result is a smart, self-adjusting band structure that adapts to dynamic market behavior, identifying breakout conditions with precision and visual clarity.
At its core, this indicator estimates price behavior using a two-dimensional Kalman filter (position + velocity), then enhances the smoothing process with a nonlinear, similarity-based KNN filter. This unique blend enables it to handle noisy markets and directional shifts with both speed and stability — providing breakout traders and trend followers a reliable framework to act on.
Whether you're identifying volatility expansions, capturing trend continuations, or spotting early breakout conditions, AI Breakout Bands gives you a mathematically grounded, visually adaptive roadmap of real-time market structure.
█ How It Works
⚪ Kalman Filter Engine
The Kalman filter models price movement as a state system with two components:
Position (price)
Velocity (trend direction)
It recursively updates predictions using real-time price as a noisy observation, balancing responsiveness with smoothness.
Process Noise (Position) controls sensitivity to sudden moves.
Process Noise (Velocity) controls smoothing of directional flow.
Measurement Noise (R) defines how much the filter "trusts" live price data.
This component alone creates a responsive yet stable estimate of the market’s center of gravity.
⚪ Advanced K-Neighbor Smoothing
After the Kalman estimate is computed, the script applies a custom K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) smoother.
Rather than averaging raw values, this method:
Finds K most similar past Kalman values
Weighs them by similarity (inverse of absolute distance)
Produces a smoother that emphasizes structural similarity
This nonlinear approach gives the indicator an AI feature — reacting fast when needed, yet staying calm in consolidation.
█ How to Use
⚪ Trend Recognition
The line color shifts dynamically based on slope direction and breakout confirmation.
Bullish conditions: price above the mid band with positive slope
Bearish conditions: price below the mid band with negative slope
⚪ Breakout Signals
Price breaking above or below the bands may signal momentum acceleration.
Combine with your own volume or momentum confirmation for stronger entries.
Bands adapt to market noise, helping filter out low-quality whipsaws.
█ Settings
Process Noise (Position): Controls Kalman filter’s sensitivity to price changes.
Process Noise (Velocity): Controls smoothing of directional component.
Measurement Noise (R): Defines how much trust is placed in price data.
K-Neighbor Length: Number of historical Kalman values considered for smoothing.
Slope Calculation Window: Number of bars used to compute trend slope of the smoothed Kalman.
Band Lookback (MAE): Rolling period for average absolute error.
Band Multiplier: Multiplies MAE to determine band width.
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Disclaimer
The content provided in my scripts, indicators, ideas, algorithms, and systems is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice, investment recommendations, or a solicitation to buy or sell any financial instruments. I will not accept liability for any loss or damage, including without limitation any loss of profit, which may arise directly or indirectly from the use of or reliance on such information.
All investments involve risk, and the past performance of a security, industry, sector, market, financial product, trading strategy, backtest, or individual's trading does not guarantee future results or returns. Investors are fully responsible for any investment decisions they make. Such decisions should be based solely on an evaluation of their financial circumstances, investment objectives, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs.
Advanced Range Theory - ART📊 Advanced Range Theory (ART): The Institutional Blueprint
Stop drawing lines. Start reading the blueprint of the market. Advanced Range Theory (ART) is not another support and resistance indicator; it is a military-grade market structure engine designed to decode the language of institutional capital. It operates on a single, powerful premise: markets move in phases of consolidation and expansion, and the key to anticipation lies in understanding the complete lifecycle of these phases.
ART provides a living, breathing map of the battlefield, identifying institutional accumulation zones and tracking them with unparalleled precision from their inception as "Pending" ranges to their ultimate classification after a breakout. This is your X-ray into the market's skeletal structure.
🔬 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: THE ARCHITECTURE OF PRICE ACTION
ART is built on a multi-layered system of logic that moves beyond static levels. It treats ranges as dynamic entities with a narrative—a beginning, a middle, and an end. The core of the system is the dynamic classification engine, which analyzes not just the range, but the character of the price action that resolves it.
1. The Range Lifecycle: From Accumulation to Classification
This is the revolutionary heart of ART. A range's true identity is only revealed by how it is broken.
Phase 1: PENDING (Yellow): A new range is identified based on a period of price consolidation (a "parent" candle followed by a minimum number of "inside" candles). At this stage, it is a neutral zone of potential energy—an area where institutions are likely building positions. It is a question the market has not yet answered.
Phase 2: MITIGATION & CLASSIFICATION: When price breaks out and reaches a calculated extension level, the range is considered "mitigated." At this exact moment, ART analyzes the breakout's DNA to classify the range's true intent:
TYPE 1 - BREAKOUT (Blue): Characterized by a strong, impulsive move with confirming volume. This is a high-conviction breakout, signaling aggressive institutional participation and the likely start of a new trend. It is a statement of intent.
TYPE 2 - REVERSAL (Orange): Occurs when price attempts to break one way but is aggressively rejected, reversing and breaking out the other side. This signals absorption and a "failed auction," often marking significant market turning points.
TYPE 3 - PIVOT (Green): A more balanced breakout, lacking the explosive momentum of a Type 1. This often represents a resolution after a period of indecision or a pivot within a larger trading range.
2. The Hierarchical Map: Source & S/R Levels
ART doesn't just draw boxes; it builds a genealogical map of market structure.
SOURCE LEVEL (Thick Gold Line): This is the "genesis" point—the most recently mitigated range. It acts as the primary point of origin for the current market swing and serves as a critical level for determining overall bias. Price action above the Source is generally bullish; below is bearish.
S/R LEVELS (Cyan Lines): When a range is mitigated, the price level where it broke becomes a key Support/Resistance zone for the future. ART tracks the two most recent S/R levels, as these often act as powerful magnets or rejection points for price.
3. The Multi-Factor Validation Engine
To eliminate noise and focus only on institutionally significant ranges, every potential range must pass a rigorous quality control check:
Time-Based Consolidation: Requires a minimum number of consecutive inside candles (minInsideCandles), ensuring a true period of balance.
Volatility-Based Significance: The range's size must be greater than a multiple of the Average True Range (minRangeSize), filtering out insignificant micro-consolidations.
Participation Confirmation: The parent candle of the range is checked against average volume to ensure there was meaningful activity during its formation.
⚙️ THE COMMAND CONSOLE: CONFIGURING YOUR ART ENGINE
Every input is designed to give you granular control over the detection engine, allowing you to tune ART to any market or timeframe with precision. Each tooltip in the script provides a deep dive, but here is a summary of the core controls.
🎯 ART Detection Engine
Minimum Inside Candles: The soul of the detection algorithm. It defines the minimum number of bars that must be contained within a single "parent" candle to qualify as a range. Higher values (3-4) find major, significant consolidation zones. Lower values (1-2) are more sensitive and will identify shorter-term accumulation patterns.
Extension Multiplier & Fibonacci Extension: These control the profit target projections. The Extension Multiplier uses a simple measured move (e.g., 1.0 = a 1:1 projection of the range's height). The Fibonacci Extension uses the golden ratio (1.618) for harmonically-derived targets.
Mitigation Method (Cross vs. Close): Determines how a breakout is confirmed. Cross is more responsive, triggering as soon as price touches the extension. Close is more conservative, requiring a full candle to close beyond the level, which helps filter out fake-outs from wicks.
Min Range Size (ATR): A crucial noise filter. It ensures that ART ignores tiny, insignificant ranges by requiring a range's height to be a certain multiple of the current market volatility (ATR).
📊 Display & Visual Configuration
These settings give you full control over the visual interface. You can toggle every single element—from the Webb Scanner to the S/R Levels—to create a clean or a comprehensive view. Choose a color theme that suits your charting environment or define a fully custom palette.
🕸️ Webb Analysis Scanner
This is a unique real-time flow analysis tool. It draws dynamic, animated lines from the current price to recent historical points. This visualization helps reveal hidden "tendrils" of momentum and short-term support/resistance that are not immediately obvious, acting as a "sonar" for immediate price flow.
📊 THE ANALYTICS HUB: YOUR DASHBOARD DECODED
The dashboard provides a real-time, at-a-glance intelligence briefing on the current state of market structure as seen by the ART engine.
RANGE METRICS: This section is a "census" of the market's structure. It tells you the total number of ranges identified, how many are still Pending (awaiting a breakout), how many are Unmitigated (active but not yet broken), and how many have been Mitigated (classified and complete).
TYPE BREAKDOWN: This is a powerful gauge of market character. A high count of Type 1 (Breakout) ranges suggests a strong, trending environment. A rising number of Type 2 (Reversal) ranges can signal market exhaustion and potential trend changes. A dominant Type 3 (Pivot) count indicates a balanced, rotational market.
KEY GUIDE: The Large dashboard includes a full legend, so you never have to guess what a line or color represents. It's your built-in user manual.
🎨 DECODING THE BLUEPRINT: A VISUAL INTERPRETATION GUIDE
Every line and color in ART is designed for instant, intuitive understanding.
The Range Lines:
Yellow Lines: A Pending range. This is an active zone of accumulation. Pay close attention.
Colored Lines (Blue/Orange/Green): An unmitigated, classified range. The color tells you its breakout character.
Dotted Lines: A Mitigated range. Its story has been told. These historical levels can still act as support or resistance.
The Identification Zones: These colored boxes appear at a range's origin point after it has been classified. They are the "birth certificate" of the range, permanently marking its type (Breakout, Reversal, or Pivot) and providing an immediate visual history of market behavior.
The Hierarchical Lines:
Thick Gold Line (Source): The most important line on your chart. It is the anchor for your bias.
Cyan Lines (S/R): High-probability decision points. Expect reactions here.
Purple Dotted Lines (Extensions): Logical, calculated profit targets for breaking ranges.
🔧 THE ARCHITECT'S VISION: THE DEVELOPMENT JOURNEY
ART was born from a deep frustration with the static and subjective nature of traditional market structure analysis. Drawing lines by hand is inconsistent, and most indicators are reactive, only confirming what has already happened. The goal was to create a proactive, objective, and dynamic framework that could think about the market in terms of phases and lifecycles.
The breakthrough came from a simple shift in perspective: a range's true character isn't defined when it forms, but by how it resolves. This led to the development of the "post-breakout classification engine," which waits for the market to show its hand before assigning a definitive type. The Webb Scanner was inspired by the desire to visualize the unseen, to create a tool that could feel the immediate "pull" and "push" of price flow. The result is not just an indicator; it is a new language for interpreting price action, built on a foundation of logic, clarity, and precision.
⚠️ RISK DISCLAIMER & BEST PRACTICES
Advanced Range Theory is a professional-grade analytical tool designed to enhance a trader's decision-making process. It does not provide direct buy or sell signals. The levels and classifications it generates are based on historical price action and mathematical probabilities. All trading involves substantial risk, and past performance is not indicative of future results. Always use this tool in conjunction with a robust risk management plan.
"I fear not the man who has practiced 10,000 kicks once, but I fear the man who has practiced one kick 10,000 times."
— Dskyz, Trade with insight. Trade with anticipation.
— Bruce Lee
Kase Convergence Divergence [BackQuant]Kase Convergence Divergence
The Kase Convergence Divergence is a sophisticated oscillator designed to measure directional market strength through the lens of volatility-adjusted log return structures. Inspired by Cynthia Kase’s work on statistical momentum and price projection ranges, this unique indicator offers a hybrid framework that merges signal processing, multi-length sweep logic, and adaptive smoothing techniques.
Unlike traditional momentum oscillators like MACD or RSI, which rely on static moving average differences, KCD introduces a dual-process system combining:
Kase-style statistical range projection (via log returns and volatility),
A sweeping loop of lookback lengths for robustness,
First and second derivative modes to capture both velocity and acceleration of price movement.
Core Logic & Computation
The KCD calculation is centered on two volatility-normalized transforms:
KSDI Up: Measures how far the current high has moved relative to a past low, normalized by return volatility.
KSDI Down: Measures how far the current low has moved relative to a past high, also normalized.
For every length in a user-defined sweep range (e.g., 25–35), both KSDI_up and KSDI_dn are computed, and their maximum values across the loop are retained. The difference between these two max values produces the raw signal:
KPO (Kase Projection Oscillator): Measures directional skew.
KCD (Kase Convergence Divergence): Defined as KPO – MA(KPO) — similar in spirit to MACD but structurally different.
Users can choose to visualize either the first derivative (KPO) , or the second derivative (KCD) , depending on market conditions or strategy style.
Key Features
✅ Multi-Length Sweep Logic: Improves signal reliability by aggregating statistical range projections across a set of lookbacks.
✅ Advanced Smoothing Modes: Supports DEMA, HMA, TEMA, LINREG, WMA and more for dynamic adaptation.
✅ Dual Derivative Modes: Choose between speed (first derivative) or smoothness (second derivative) to fit your trading regime.
✅ Color-Encoded Signal Bands: Heatmap-style oscillator coloring enhances visual feedback on trend strength.
✅ Candlestick Painting: Optional bar coloring makes it easy to spot trend shifts on the main chart.
✅ Adaptive Fill Zones: Green and red fills between the oscillator and zero line help distinguish bullish and bearish regimes at a glance.
Practical Applications
📈 Trend Confirmation: Use KCD as a secondary confirmation layer after breakout or pullback entries.
📉 Momentum Shifts: Crossover and crossunder of the zero line highlight potential regime changes.
📊 Strategy Filters: Incorporate into algos to avoid trendless or mean-reverting environments.
🧪 Derivative Switching: Flip between KPO and KCD modes depending on whether you want to measure acceleration or deceleration of price flow.
Alerts & Signals
Two built-in alerts help you catch regime shifts in real time:
Long Signal: Triggered when the selected oscillator crosses above zero.
Short Signal: Triggered when it crosses below zero.
These events can be used to generate entries, exits, or trend validation cues in multi-layer systems.
Conclusion
The Kase Convergence Divergence goes beyond traditional oscillators by offering a volatility-normalized, derivative-aware signal engine with enhanced visual dynamics. Its sweeping architecture and dynamic fill logic make it especially powerful for identifying trending environments, filtering chop, and adding statistical rigor to your trading toolkit.
Whether you’re a discretionary trader seeking precision, or a quant looking to model more robust return structures, KCD offers a creative yet analytically grounded solution.
RB3 DEMO – Rejection Blocks Visual ExampleThis is a simplified demo version of a custom Rejection Block (RB) visual indicator. It identifies potential bullish and bearish rejection zones based purely on candle structure, without using any time-based or algorithmic filters.
🧠 What it does:
• Detects Bullish and Bearish Rejection Blocks using clean price action logic
• Highlights those zones with boxes, optional lines, and labels
• Designed to help traders visually study price rejections and market structure
⚙️ How it works:
• Bullish RB = red candle with a lower low than the previous and next candle
• Bearish RB = green candle with a higher high than the previous and next candle
• No time filters or hidden logic are used — this tool is purely structural
🎯 Best used by:
• Traders who want to visualize potential rejection zones
• Beginners studying price action and structural reversals
• Visual learners who prefer clean chart-based confirmations
✅ This demo does **not** include institutional filters, time anchors (e.g., TRAL‑03), or sequence-based validation.
📌 A more advanced version with time-reactive filtering logic is available privately.
ℹ️ To use: enable "Boxes" and/or "Labels" to highlight rejection blocks clearly. Works on all timeframes.
Inflection PointInflection Point - The Adaptive Confluence Reversal Engine
This is not just another peak and valley indicator; it is a complete and total reimagining of how market turning points are detected, qualified, and acted upon. Born from the foundational concepts explored in systems like my earlier creation, DAFE - Turning Point, Inflection Point is a ground-up engineering feat designed for the modern trader. It moves beyond static rules and simple pattern recognition into the realm of dynamic, multi-factor confluence analysis and adaptive machine learning.
Where other indicators provide a guess, Inflection Point provides a probability. It meticulously analyzes the market's deepest currents—momentum, exhaustion, and reversal velocity—and fuses them into a single, unified "Confluence Score." This is not a simple combination of indicators; it is an intelligent, weighted system where each component works in concert, creating an analytical engine that is orders of magnitude more sophisticated and reliable than any standard reversal tool.
Furthermore, Inflection Point learns. Through its advanced Adaptive Learning Engine, it constantly monitors its own performance, adjusting its confidence and selectivity in real-time based on its recent success rate. This allows it to adapt its behavior to any security, on any timeframe, with remarkable success.
Theoretical Foundation - Confluence Core
Inflection Point's predictive power does not come from a single, magical formula. It comes from the intelligent synthesis of three critical market phenomena, weighted and scored in real-time to generate a single, high-conviction probability rating.
1. Factor One: Pre-Reversal Momentum State (RSI Analysis)
Instead of reacting to a simple RSI cross, Inflection Point proactively scans for the build-up of momentum that precedes a reversal.
• Formulaic Concept: It measures the highest RSI value over a lookback period for peaks and the lowest RSI for valleys. A signal is only considered valid if significant momentum has been established before the turn, indicating a stretched market condition ripe for reversal.
• Asymmetric Sophistication: The engine uses different, optimized thresholds for bull and bear momentum, recognizing that markets often fall faster than they rise.
2. Factor Two: Volatility Exhaustion (Bollinger Band Analysis)
A true reversal often occurs when price makes a final, exhaustive push into unsustainable territory.
• Formulaic Concept: The engine detects when price has significantly pierced the outer Bollinger Bands. This is not just a touch, but a statistical deviation from the mean that signals volatility exhaustion, where the energy for the current move is likely depleted.
3. Factor Three: Reversal Strength (Rate of Change Analysis)
The character of a reversal matters. A sharp, decisive turn is more significant than a slow, meandering one.
• Formulaic Concept: Using a short-term Rate of Change (ROC), the engine measures the velocity of the reversal itself. A higher ROC score adds significant weight to the final probability, confirming that the new direction has conviction.
4. The Final Calculation: The Adaptive Learning Engine
This is the system's "brain." It maintains a history of its past signals and calculates its real-time win rate. This hitRate is then used to generate an adaptiveMultiplier.
• Self-Correction: In "Quality Control" mode, a high win rate makes the indicator more selective, demanding a higher probability score to issue a signal, thereby protecting streaks. A lower win rate makes it slightly less selective to ensure it continues learning from new market conditions.
• The result is a system that is not static, but a living, breathing tool that adapts its personality to the unique rhythm of any chart.
Why Inflection Point is a Paradigm Shift
Inflection Point is fundamentally different from other reversal indicators for three key reasons:
Confluence Over Isolation: Standard indicators look at one thing (e.g., RSI > 70). Inflection Point simultaneously analyzes momentum, volatility, and velocity, understanding that true reversals are a product of multiple converging factors. It answers not just "if," but "why" a reversal is likely.
Probabilistic Over Binary: Other tools give you a simple "yes" or "no." Inflection Point provides a probability score from 0-100, allowing you to gauge the conviction of every potential signal. This empowers you to differentiate between a weak setup and an A+ opportunity.
Adaptive Over Static: Every other indicator uses the same rules forever. Inflection Point's Adaptive Engine means it is constantly refining its own logic based on what is actually working in the current market, on the specific asset you are trading. It is tailored to the now.
The Inputs Menu - Your Command Center
Every setting is a lever of control, allowing you to tune the engine to your precise trading style and market focus.
🧠 Neural Core Engine
Analysis Depth: This is the primary lookback for the Bollinger Band and other core calculations. A shorter depth makes the indicator faster and more sensitive, ideal for scalping. A longer depth makes it slower and more stable, ideal for swing trading.
Minimum Probability %: This is your master signal filter. It sets the minimum Confluence Score required to plot a signal. Higher values (85-95) will give you only the highest-conviction A+ setups. Lower values (70-80) will show more potential opportunities.
🤖 Adaptive Neural Learning
Enable Adaptive Learning Engine: Toggles the entire learning system. Disabling it will make the indicator's logic static.
Peak/Valley Success Threshold (ATR): This defines what constitutes a "successful" trade for the learning engine. A value of 1.5 means price must move 1.5x the ATR in your favor for the signal to be marked as a win. Adjust this to match your personal take-profit strategy.
Adaptive Mode: This dictates how the engine uses its hitRate. "Quality Control" is recommended for its intelligent filtering. "Aggressive" will always boost signal scores, useful for finding more setups in a known, trending environment.
Asymmetric Balance: Allows you to apply a "boost" to either peak (short) or valley (long) signals. If you find the market you're trading has stronger long reversals, you can increase the "Valley Signal Boost" to catch them more effectively.
🛡️ Elite Filters
Market Noise Filter: An exceptional tool for avoiding choppy markets. It counts the number of directional changes in the last 5 bars. If the market is whipping back and forth too much, it will block the signal. Lower the "Max Direction Changes" to be extremely selective.
Volume Filter: Requires signal confirmation from a significant volume spike. The "Volume Multiplier" dictates how large this spike must be (e.g., 1.2 = 20% above average volume). This is invaluable for filtering out low-conviction moves in stocks and crypto.
The Dashboard - Your Analytical Co-Pilot
The dashboard is not just a set of numbers; it is a holistic overview of the market's health and the engine's current state.
Unified AI Score: This section provides the most critical, at-a-glance information. "Total Score" is the current probability reading, while "Quality" gives you a human-readable interpretation. "Win Rate" shows the real-time performance of the Adaptive Engine.
Order Flow (OFPI): This measures the "weight" of money behind recent price moves by analyzing price change relative to volume. A high positive OFPI suggests strong buying pressure, while a high negative value suggests strong selling pressure. It gives you a peek into the market's underlying flow.
Component Analysis: This allows you to see the individual "Peak" and "Valley" confidence scores before they are filtered, giving you insight into building momentum before a signal forms.
Market Structure: This panel assesses the broader environment. "HTF Trend" tells you the direction of the larger trend (based on EMAs), while "Vol Regime" tells you if the market is in a high, medium, or low volatility state. Use this to align your signals with the broader market context.
Filter & Engine Statistics: Available on the "Large" dashboard, this provides deep insight into how many signals are being blocked by your filters and the current status of the Adaptive Engine's multiplier.
The Visual Interface - A Symphony of Data
Every visual element on the chart is designed for instant interpretation and insight.
Signal Markers: Simple, clean triangles mark the exact bar of a valid signal. A box is drawn around the high/low of the signal bar to highlight the precise point of inflection.
Dynamic Support/Resistance Zones: These are the glowing lines on your chart. They are not static lines; they are dynamic levels that represent the current battlefield between buyers and sellers.
Cyber Cyan (Valley Blue): This is the current Support Zone. This is the price level the market is currently trying to defend.
Neural Pink (Peak Red): This is the current Resistance Zone. This is the price level the market is currently trying to break through.
Grey (Next Level): This line is a projection, based on the current momentum and the size of the S/R range, of where the next major level of conflict will likely be. It acts as a potential price target.
Development & Philosophy
Inflection Point was not assembled; it was engineered. It represents hundreds of hours of research into market dynamics, statistical analysis, and machine learning principles. The goal was to create a tool that moves beyond the limitations of traditional technical analysis, which often fails in modern, algorithm-driven markets. By building a system based on multi-factor confluence and self-adaptive logic, Inflection Point provides a quantifiable, statistical edge that is simply unattainable with simpler tools. This is the result of a relentless pursuit of a better, more intelligent way to trade.
Universal Applicability
The principles of momentum, exhaustion, and velocity are universal to all freely traded markets. Because of its adaptive core and robust filtering options, Inflection Point has proven to be exceptionally effective on any security (stocks, crypto, forex, indices, futures) and on any timeframe (from 1-minute scalping charts to daily swing trading charts).
" Markets are constantly in a state of uncertainty and flux and money is made by discounting the obvious and betting on the unexpected. "
— George Soros
Trade with insight. Trade with anticipation.
— Dskyz, for DAFE Trading Systems
Time Frame Color ClassifierTime Frame Colour Classifier
A professional Pine Script indicator that provides instant visual identification of trading sessions through intelligent colour-coded backgrounds.
Key Features
📅 Daily Session Colours
- Monday: Green | Tuesday: Blue | Wednesday: Yellow | Thursday: Red | Friday: Purple
📊 Weekly Classification
- Week 1-5 : Colour-coded by week of the month using the same colour scheme
## How It Works
Intraday Charts (1min-4H) : Shows daily colours - every candle on Monday displays green background, Tuesday shows blue, etc.
Daily/Weekly Charts : Switches to weekly colours - all days in Week 1 show green, Week 2 shows blue, etc.
Professional Applications
✅ Multi-Timeframe Analysis : Seamlessly switch between timeframes whilst maintaining visual context
✅ Session Recognition : Instantly identify which trading day you're analysing
✅ Pattern Analysis : Spot recurring patterns on specific days of the week
✅ Strategy Development : Incorporate temporal factors into trading strategies
✅ Performance Attribution : Correlate results with specific trading sessions
Customisation Options
- Toggle daily/weekly colours on/off
- Fully customisable colour schemes
- Adjustable background transparency
- Optional day labels
Technical Details
- Pine Script v5for optimal performance
- Automatic timeframe detection - no manual configuration required
- Minimal resource usage - won't slow down your charts
- Works on all chart types and timeframes
Perfect For
- Day traders switching between multiple timeframes
- Swing traders analysing weekly patterns
- Algorithmic strategy development
- Multi-timeframe market analysis
- Trading education and research
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Developed by @wyckoffnawaf
Transform your chart analysis with visual timeframe clarity
VampFX Kill Zone🦇 VampFX Kill Zone Indicator
Built for Smart Money Traders by Vamp FX
This custom Kill Zone tool highlights the optimal institutional trading window — when volume, liquidity, and precision align.
🔹 What It Does:
• Shades the VampFX Kill Zone (default: 8:00 AM to 12:30 PM UTC-4 / New York)
• Designed for New York session scalping/sniping
• Helps isolate high-probability Smart Money setups (liquidity sweeps, FVGs, BOS entries)
🔧 Default Settings:
• Timezone: UTC -4 (New York)
• Session Start: 08:00
• Session End: 12:30
• Adjustable to fit your strategy or local session bias
⸻
📈 Why Use It:
The VampFX Kill Zone reflects when algos run, liquidity gets manipulated, and clean entries occur.
Avoid noise — trade when the market actually moves.
“We don’t chase the market. We wait inside the zone… then strike with precision.”
— 🦇 VampFX Code
Trend+Volume Divergence + Order Block Detector
The best in TF 5M
The script combines an order block detector (inspired by LuxAlgo) with a trend and volume divergence entry system.
The first part identifies both bullish and bearish order blocks based on volume pivots. These are typically zones where price has shown a high probability of reversal or strong reaction.
The order block algorithm uses recent volume pivots to detect likely institutional trading zones, marking them with colored boxes (green for bullish, red for bearish).
Bullish order blocks form when the price shows a volume-based pivot to the downside, suggesting possible accumulation at support.
Bearish order blocks appear at volume pivots to the upside, indicating likely distribution or resistance.
The script removes (“mitigates”) these order blocks when price action confirms that the zone is no longer respected.
Average (midpoint) order block levels are drawn as dashed or dotted lines based on your settings for visualization.
Whenever a new order block forms or is mitigated, alert conditions can be triggered.
The trend entry system computes and plots an Exponential Moving Average (EMA, default length 21) on the chart for basic trend detection.
A trend shift is detected when price crosses the EMA (from below is bullish, from above is bearish).
Additional confirmation for trade entries is provided by simple volume divergence logic:
Bullish if price is down but current volume exceeds prior volume.
Bearish if price is up but current volume is lower than the previous bar.
Large BUY (aqua up-triangle) and SELL (fuchsia down-triangle) arrows mark optimal entry points where both trend change and volume divergence are detected together.
Smaller triangles (‘Buy?’ or ‘Sell?’) are plotted where only a trend crossover is detected without supporting volume divergence.
The background color of the chart changes according to trend direction: green when price is above the EMA, red when below.
All major signals (order blocks and entry conditions) can generate alerts for automated or manual trade notifications.
The script is fully configurable via input parameters for block length, visualization style, EMA length, and mitigation settings.
The logic is suitable for scalping and short-term trading, especially on assets like gold (XAUUSD), but can be applied to any instrument or timeframe.
The script relies solely on built-in Pine functions and does not require external libraries or premium data.
The marked order blocks visually help traders identify zones with high probability of rejection or breakout.
By combining institutional-level order flows (via order block logic) with individual supply-demand signals (trend and volume divergence), the script aims to give robust entry ideas with clear visual cues on the chart.
ATR Trailing + Alerts + Price LabelsATR Trend is a clean and intelligent trend-following overlay built for traders who want clarity during both trending and ranging markets.
This indicator dynamically detects bullish and bearish market trends using the Average True Range (ATR), applying a confirmation-based approach to filter out false signals and minor pullbacks.
The trend line is:
Blue 🔵 during uptrends.
Black ⚫ during downtrends.
Continuous, recalculating only when the market truly shifts — not just when price temporarily crosses the line.
When a confirmed trend reversal occurs:
A 🔼 or 🔽 label shows the exact price of the flip.
An alert can be triggered to notify the user immediately.
💡 Features:
✅ Single-line trend direction
✅ Filters out short-term noise
✅ Exact price labeling on trend change
✅ Built-in alerts for up/down trend shifts
⚙️ Inputs:
ATR Period – Length of ATR calculation (default: 14)
ATR Multiplier – Offset for trend line placement (default: 2.0)
Flip Sensitivity – Number of bars required to confirm a trend reversal (default: 3)
This tool is suitable for:
Swing traders avoid false breakouts
Scalpers looking for high-probability trend entries
Algorithmic setups requiring structured trend logic
Futures Support & Resistance LevelsMulti-Timeframe Support & Resistance Levels for Futures Trading
Description:
This indicator automatically identifies and displays key support and resistance levels using multiple technical analysis methods. Designed specifically for futures traders (ES, NQ, etc.), it provides a clean, organized view of important price levels.
Key Features:
Multiple Detection Methods: Combines pivot points, daily ranges, and psychological levels
Smart Ranking System: Levels are numbered by strength (1 = strongest)
Clean Visualization: Extended lines across the chart with clear price labels
Confluence Detection: Highlights areas where multiple levels converge
Customizable Display: Adjust colors, line styles, and label sizes
Level Types Identified:
Daily High/Low (current session)
Previous Daily High/Low
Pivot-based Support/Resistance
Psychological Round Numbers
Confluence Zones (multiple levels clustering)
Technical Approach:
The indicator uses a strength-scoring algorithm to rank levels by importance. Daily levels receive the highest weighting (2.0), followed by previous daily levels (1.5), pivot points (1.0), and psychological levels (0.5). This helps traders focus on the most significant levels.
Visual Elements:
Solid lines = Strong levels
Dashed lines = Medium levels
Dotted lines = Weak levels
Optional technical condition markers for educational analysis
Best Used For:
Identifying key intraday levels for futures trading
Finding high-probability reversal zones
Setting logical stop-loss and take-profit levels
Recognizing confluence areas for stronger setups
Note:
This is a technical analysis tool for educational purposes. No indicator can predict future price movements. Always use proper risk management and combine with other forms of analysis.
Zero-Lag RSI DivergenceZero-Lag RSI Divergence
Overview
This indicator identifies RSI divergences in real-time without delay, providing immediate signals as price-momentum discrepancies develop. The indicator analyzes price action against RSI momentum across dual configurable periods, enabling traders to detect potential reversal opportunities with zero lag.
Key Features
Instant Divergence Detection : Identifies bullish and bearish divergences immediately upon formation without waiting for candle confirmation or historical validation. This eliminates signal delay but may increase false signals due to higher sensitivity.
Dual Period Analysis : Configure detection across two independent cycles - Short Period (default 15) and Long Period (default 50) - allowing for multi-timeframe divergence analysis and enhanced signal validation across different market conditions.
Visual Divergence Lines : Automatically draws dashed lines connecting divergence points between price highs/lows and corresponding RSI peaks/troughs, clearly illustrating the momentum-price relationship.
Customizable RSI Parameters : Adjustable RSI length (default 14) allows optimization for different market volatility and trading timeframes.
How It Works
The indicator continuously monitors price action patterns and RSI momentum:
- Bullish Divergence : Detected when price makes lower lows while RSI makes higher lows, suggesting potential upward momentum
- Bearish Divergence : Identified when price makes higher highs while RSI makes lower highs, indicating potential downward momentum
The algorithm uses candle color transitions and immediate RSI comparisons to trigger signals without historical repainting , ensuring backtesting accuracy and real-time reliability.
How To Read
Important Notes
Higher Signal Frequency : The zero-lag approach increases signal sensitivity, generating more frequent alerts that may include false signals. Consider using additional confirmation methods for trade entries.
Non-Repainting : All signals are generated and maintained without historical modification, ensuring consistent backtesting and forward-testing results.
Input Parameters
RSI Length: Period for RSI calculation (default: 14)
Short/Long Periods: Lookback periods for divergence detection (default: 15/50)
Line Colors: Customizable colors for short and long period divergence lines
Label Settings: Optional divergence labels with custom text
This indicator is designed for traders seeking immediate divergence identification across multiple timeframes while maintaining signal integrity and backtesting reliability.
Hidden Markov ModelOverview
This model uses a Hidden Markov Model to identify and predict market regimes in real-time. It is designed to probabilistically identify market regime changes and predict potential reversal point using a forward algorithm to calculate the probability of a state.
Unlike traditional technical indicators that rely on price patterns or moving averages, this HMM analyses the underlying statistical structure of market movements to detect when the market transitions between different behavioural states such as trending, ranging, or volatile periods
How it works
The HMM assumes that market behavior follows hidden states that aren't directly observable, but can be inferred from observable market data (emissions). The model uses a (somewhat simplified) Bayesian inference to estimate these probabilities.
State 0: (Normal Trading): Market continuation patterns, balanced buying/selling
State 1: (Top Formation): Exhaustion patterns at price highs
State 2: (Bottom Formation): Capitulation patterns at price lows
How to use
1) Identify the trend (you can also use it counter-trend)
2) For longing, look for a green arrow. The probability values should be red. For shorting, look for a red arrow. The probability values should be green
3) For added confluence, look for high probability values of above 25%.
Advantages and what makes it unique
Unlike moving averages or oscillators that react to price changes, the HMM proactively identifies the underlying market structure. This forward-looking approach can signal regime changes before they become apparent in price action, providing traders with an informational edge.
Delta Volume BubblesDelta Volume Bubbles
Overview
The Delta Volume Bubbles indicator is an advanced order flow visualization tool that displays buying and selling pressure through dynamic bubble representations on your chart. Unlike traditional volume indicators that only show total volume, this indicator calculates the net delta volume (difference between buying and selling volume) and presents it as color-coded bubbles of varying sizes.
How It Works
Core Calculation Method
The indicator uses a sophisticated approach to estimate delta volume from standard OHLCV data:
1. Price Action Analysis: Analyzes the relationship between open, high, low, and close prices to determine market aggression
2. Body Ratio Calculation: body_ratio = |close - open| / (high - low)
3. Aggressive Factor: Applies multipliers based on price action:
- Strong moves (body_ratio > 0.7): 1.5x multiplier
- Moderate moves (body_ratio > 0.4): 1.2x multiplier
- Weak moves: 1.0x multiplier
4. Delta Volume Estimation:
- Buy Volume: price_change > 0 ? volume × aggressive_factor : 0
- Sell Volume: price_change < 0 ? volume × aggressive_factor : 0
- Net Delta: buy_volume - sell_volume
5. Delta Strength Normalization: delta_strength = |net_delta| / sma(volume, 20)
Percentile-Based Filtering
The indicator uses percentile filtering instead of fixed thresholds, making it adaptive to market conditions:
- Bubble Filter: Only shows bubbles when volume exceeds the specified percentile (default: 60%)
- Label Filter: Only displays numbers when volume exceeds a higher percentile (default: 90%)
- Dynamic Adaptation: Automatically adjusts to changing market volatility
Visual Elements
Bubble Sizes
- Tiny: Delta strength < 0.3
- Small: Delta strength 0.3 - 0.7
- Normal: Delta strength 0.7 - 1.2
- Large: Delta strength 1.2 - 2.0
- Huge: Delta strength > 2.0
Color Coding
- Aggressive Buy (Bright Green): Strong buying pressure with high body ratio
- Aggressive Sell (Bright Red): Strong selling pressure with high body ratio
- Passive Buy (Light Green): Moderate buying pressure
- Passive Sell (Light Red): Moderate selling pressure
Intensity Mode
Alternative coloring based on delta strength rather than flow direction:
- Gray: Low intensity (< 0.5)
- Blue: Medium intensity (0.5 - 1.0)
- Orange: High intensity (1.0 - 2.0)
- Red: Extreme intensity (> 2.0)
Parameters
Order Flow Settings
- Show Bubbles: Toggle bubble display on/off
- Bubble Volume %ile: Percentile threshold for bubble display (0-100%)
- Intensity Mode: Switch between flow-based and intensity-based coloring
Bubble Labels
- Show Numbers in Bubbles: Toggle numerical labels on/off
- Label Volume %ile: Higher percentile threshold for label display (0-100%)
Numbers are displayed in K-notation (e.g., 25000 → 25K, 1500000 → 1.5M) for better readability.
Ideal Usage Scenarios
Best Market Conditions
- High volume sessions: More accurate delta calculations
- Trending markets: Clear directional flow identification
- Breakout scenarios: Spot aggressive buying/selling at key levels
- Support/resistance testing: Identify accumulation vs distribution
Trading Applications
1. Entry Timing: Look for aggressive flow in your trade direction
2. Exit Signals: Watch for opposing aggressive flow
3. Trend Confirmation: Consistent flow direction confirms trends
4. Volume Climax: Huge bubbles may indicate exhaustion points
Optimization Tips
Parameter Adjustment
- Lower percentiles (40-60%): More bubbles, good for active markets
- Higher percentiles (70-90%): Fewer bubbles, focus on significant events
- Label percentile: Set 20-30% higher than bubble percentile for clarity
Visual Optimization
- Intensity mode: Better for identifying unusual volume spikes
- Flow mode: Better for directional bias analysis
- Label toggle: Turn off in crowded markets, on for key levels
Limitations
- Estimation-based: Uses approximation algorithms, not true order flow data
- Volume dependency: Requires accurate volume data to function properly
- Timeframe sensitivity: Works best on intraday timeframes with active volume
- Market hours: Most effective during high-volume trading sessions
Technical Notes
The indicator implements advanced Pine Script features including:
- Dynamic percentile calculations using ta.percentile_linear_interpolation()
- Conditional plotting with multiple size categories
- Custom number formatting functions
- Efficient label management to prevent display limits
This tool is designed for traders who want to understand the underlying buying and selling pressure beyond simple volume analysis, providing insights into market sentiment and potential turning points.
Advanced Currency Strength Meter# Advanced Currency Strength Meter (ACSM)
The Advanced Currency Strength Meter (ACSM) is a scientifically-based indicator that measures relative currency strength using established academic methodologies from international finance and behavioral economics. This indicator provides traders with a comprehensive view of currency market dynamics through multiple analytical frameworks.
### Theoretical Foundation
#### 1. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) Theory
Based on Cassel's (1918) seminal work and refined by Froot & Rogoff (1995), PPP suggests that exchange rates should reflect relative price levels between countries. The ACSM momentum component captures deviations from long-term equilibrium relationships, providing insights into currency misalignments.
#### 2. Uncovered Interest Rate Parity (UIP) and Carry Trade Theory
Building on Fama (1984) and Lustig et al. (2007), the indicator incorporates volatility-adjusted momentum to capture carry trade flows and interest rate differentials that drive currency strength. This approach helps identify currencies benefiting from interest rate differentials.
#### 3. Behavioral Finance and Currency Momentum
Following Burnside et al. (2011) and Menkhoff et al. (2012), the model recognizes that currency markets exhibit persistent momentum effects due to behavioral biases and institutional flows. The indicator captures these momentum patterns for trading opportunities.
#### 4. Portfolio Balance Theory
Based on Branson & Henderson (1985), the relative strength matrix captures how portfolio rebalancing affects currency cross-rates and creates trading opportunities between different currency pairs.
### Technical Implementation
#### Core Methodologies:
- **Z-Score Normalization**: Following Sharpe (1994), provides statistical significance testing without arbitrary scaling
- **Momentum Analysis**: Uses return-based metrics (Jegadeesh & Titman, 1993) for trend identification
- **Volatility Adjustment**: Implements Average True Range methodology (Wilder, 1978) for risk-adjusted strength
- **Composite Scoring**: Equal-weight methodology to avoid overfitting and maintain robustness
- **Correlation Analysis**: Risk management framework based on Markowitz (1952) portfolio theory
#### Key Features:
- **Multi-Source Data Integration**: Supports OANDA, Futures, and CFD data sources
- **Scientific Methodology**: No arbitrary scaling or curve-fitting; all calculations based on established statistical methods
- **Comprehensive Dashboard**: Clean, professional table showing currency strengths and best trading pairs
- **Alert System**: Automated notifications for strong/weak currency conditions and extreme values
- **Best Pair Identification**: Algorithmic detection of highest-potential trading opportunities
### Practical Applications
#### For Swing Traders:
- Identify currencies in strong uptrends or downtrends
- Select optimal currency pairs based on relative strength divergence
- Time entries based on momentum convergence/divergence
#### For Day Traders:
- Use with real-time futures data for intraday opportunities
- Monitor currency correlations for risk management
- Detect early reversal signals through extreme value alerts
#### For Portfolio Managers:
- Multi-currency exposure analysis
- Risk management through correlation monitoring
- Strategic currency allocation decisions
### Visual Design
The indicator features a clean, professional dashboard that displays:
- **Currency Strength Values**: Each major currency (EUR, GBP, JPY, CHF, AUD, CAD, NZD, USD) with color-coded strength values
- **Best Trading Pairs**: Filtered list of highest-potential currency pairs with BUY/SELL signals
- **Market Analysis**: Real-time identification of strongest and weakest currencies
- **Potential Score**: Quantitative measure of trading opportunity strength
### Data Sources and Latency
The indicator supports multiple data sources to accommodate different trading needs:
- **OANDA (Delayed)**: Free data with 15-20 minute delay, suitable for swing trading
- **Futures (Real-time)**: CME currency futures for real-time analysis
- **CFDs**: Alternative real-time data source option
### Mathematical Framework
#### Strength Calculation:
Momentum = (Price - Price ) / Price * 100
Z-Score = (Price - Mean) / Standard Deviation
Volatility-Adjusted = Momentum / ATR-based Volatility
Composite = 0.5 * Momentum + 0.3 * Z-Score + 0.2 * Volatility-Adjusted
#### USD Strength Derivation:
USD strength is calculated as the weighted average of all USD-based pairs, providing a true baseline for relative strength comparison.
### Performance Considerations
The indicator is optimized for:
- **Computational Efficiency**: Uses Pine Script v6 best practices
- **Memory Management**: Appropriate lookback periods and array handling
- **Visual Clarity**: Clean table design optimized for both light and dark themes
- **Alert Reliability**: Robust signal generation with statistical significance testing
### Limitations and Risk Disclosure
- Model performance may vary during extreme market stress (Black Swan events)
- Requires stable data feeds for accurate calculations
- Not optimized for high-frequency scalping strategies
- Central bank interventions may temporarily distort signals
- Performance assumes normal market conditions with behavioral adjustments
### Academic References
- Branson, W. H., & Henderson, D. W. (1985). "The Specification and Influence of Asset Markets"
- Burnside, C., Eichenbaum, M., & Rebelo, S. (2011). "Carry Trade and Momentum in Currency Markets"
- Cassel, G. (1918). "Abnormal Deviations in International Exchanges"
- Fama, E. F. (1984). "Forward and Spot Exchange Rates"
- Froot, K. A., & Rogoff, K. (1995). "Perspectives on PPP and Long-Run Real Exchange Rates"
- Jegadeesh, N., & Titman, S. (1993). "Returns to Buying Winners and Selling Losers"
- Lustig, H., Roussanov, N., & Verdelhan, A. (2007). "Common Risk Factors in Currency Markets"
- Markowitz, H. (1952). "Portfolio Selection"
- Menkhoff, L., Sarno, L., Schmeling, M., & Schrimpf, A. (2012). "Carry Trades and Global FX Volatility"
- Sharpe, W. F. (1994). "The Sharpe Ratio"
- Wilder, J. W. (1978). "New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems"
### Usage Instructions
1. **Setup**: Add the indicator to your chart and select your preferred data source
2. **Currency Selection**: Choose which currencies to analyze (default: all major currencies)
3. **Methodology**: Select calculation method (Composite recommended for most users)
4. **Monitoring**: Watch the dashboard for strength changes and best pair opportunities
5. **Alerts**: Set up notifications for strong/weak currency conditions
Divergence Screener [Trendoscope®]🎲Overview
The Divergence Screener is a powerful TradingView indicator designed to detect and visualize bullish and bearish divergences, including hidden divergences, between price action and a user-selected oscillator. Built with flexibility in mind, it allows traders to customize the oscillator type, trend detection method, and other parameters to suit various trading strategies. The indicator is non-overlay, displaying divergence signals directly on the oscillator plot, with visual cues such as lines and labels on the chart for easy identification.
This indicator is ideal for traders seeking to identify potential reversal or continuation signals based on price-oscillator divergences. It supports multiple oscillators, trend detection methods, and alert configurations, making it versatile for different markets and timeframes.
🎲Features
🎯Customizable Oscillator Selection
Built-in Oscillators : Choose from a variety of oscillators including RSI, CCI, CMO, COG, MFI, ROC, Stochastic, and WPR.
External Oscillator Support : Users can input an external oscillator source, allowing integration with custom or third-party indicators.
Configurable Length : Adjust the oscillator’s period (e.g., 14 for RSI) to fine-tune sensitivity.
🎯Divergence Detection
The screener identifies four types of divergences:
Bullish Divergence : Price forms a lower low, but the oscillator forms a higher low, signaling potential upward reversal.
Bearish Divergence : Price forms a higher high, but the oscillator forms a lower high, indicating potential downward reversal.
Bullish Hidden Divergence : Price forms a higher low, but the oscillator forms a lower low, suggesting trend continuation in an uptrend.
Bearish Hidden Divergence : Price forms a lower high, but the oscillator forms a higher high, suggesting trend continuation in a downtrend.
🎯Flexible Trend Detection
The indicator offers three methods to determine the trend context for divergence detection:
Zigzag : Uses zigzag pivots to identify trends based on higher highs (HH), higher lows (HL), lower highs (LH), and lower lows (LL).
MA Difference : Calculates the trend based on the difference in a moving average (e.g., SMA, EMA) between divergence pivots.
External Trend Signal : Allows users to input an external trend signal (positive for uptrend, negative for downtrend) for custom trend analysis.
🎯Zigzag-Based Pivot Analysis
Customizable Zigzag Length : Adjust the zigzag length (default: 13) to control the sensitivity of pivot detection.
Repaint Option : Choose whether divergence lines repaint based on the latest data or wait for confirmed pivots, balancing responsiveness and reliability.
🎯Visual and Alert Features
Divergence Visualization : Divergence lines are drawn between price pivots and oscillator pivots, color-coded for easy identification:
Bullish Divergence : Green
Bearish Divergence : Red
Bullish Hidden Divergence : Lime
Bearish Hidden Divergence : Orange
Labels and Tooltips : Labels (e.g., “D” for divergence, “H” for hidden) appear on price and oscillator pivots, with tooltips providing detailed information such as price/oscillator values, ratios, and pivot directions.
Alerts : Configurable alerts for each divergence type (bullish, bearish, bullish hidden, bearish hidden) trigger on bar close, ensuring timely notifications.
🎲 How It Works
🎯Oscillator Calculation
The indicator calculates the selected oscillator (or uses an external source) and plots it on the chart.
Oscillator values are stored in a map for reference during divergence calculations.
🎯Pivot Detection
A zigzag algorithm identifies pivots in the oscillator data, with configurable length and repainting options.
Price and oscillator pivots are compared to detect divergences based on their direction and ratio.
🎯Divergence Identification
The indicator compares price and oscillator pivot directions (HH, HL, LH, LL) to identify divergences.
Trend context is determined using the selected method (Zigzag, MA Difference, or External).
Divergences are classified as bullish, bearish, bullish hidden, or bearish hidden based on price-oscillator relationships and trend direction.
🎯Visualization and Alerts
Valid divergences are drawn as lines connecting price and oscillator pivots, with corresponding labels.
Alerts are triggered for allowed divergence types, providing detailed information via tooltips.
🎯Validation
Divergence lines are validated to ensure no intermediate bars violate the divergence condition, enhancing signal reliability.
🎲 Usage Instructions as Indicator
🎯Add to Chart:
Add the “Divergence Screener ” to your TradingView chart.
The indicator appears in a separate pane below the price chart, plotting the oscillator and divergence signals.
🎯Configure Settings:
Adjust the oscillator type and length to match your trading style.
Select a trend detection method and configure related parameters (e.g., MA type/length or external signal).
Set the zigzag length and repainting preference.
Enable/disable alerts for specific divergence types.
I🎯nterpret Signals:
Bullish Divergence (Green) : Look for potential buy opportunities in a downtrend.
Bearish Divergence (Red) : Consider sell opportunities in an uptrend.
Bullish Hidden Divergence (Lime) : Confirm continuation in an uptrend.
Bearish Hidden Divergence (Orange): Confirm continuation in a downtrend.
Use tooltips on labels to review detailed pivot and divergence information.
🎯Set Alerts:
Create alerts for each divergence type to receive notifications via TradingView’s alert system.
Alerts include detailed text with price, oscillator, and divergence information.
🎲 Example Scenarios as Indicator
🎯 With External Oscillator (Use MACD Histogram as Oscillator)
In order to use MACD as an oscillator for divergence signal instead of the built in options, follow these steps.
Load MACD Indicator from Indicator library
From Indicator settings of Divergence Screener, set Use External Oscillator and select MACD Histograme from the dropdown
You can now see that the oscillator pane shows the data of selected MACD histogram and divergence signals are generated based on the external MACD histogram data.
🎯 With External Trend Signal (Supertrend Ladder ATR)
Now let's demonstrate how to use external direction signals using Supertrend Ladder ATR indicator. Please note that in order to use the indicator as trend source, the indicator should return positive integer for uptrend and negative integer for downtrend. Steps are as follows:
Load the desired trend indicator. In this example, we are using Supertrend Ladder ATR
From the settings of Divergence Screener, select "External" as Trend Detection Method
Select the trend detection plot Direction from the dropdown. You can now see that the divergence signals will rely on the new trend settings rather than the built in options.
🎲 Using the Script with Pine Screener
The primary purpose of the Divergence Screener is to enable traders to scan multiple instruments (e.g., stocks, ETFs, forex pairs) for divergence signals using TradingView’s Pine Screener, facilitating efficient comparison and identification of trading opportunities.
To use the Divergence Screener as a screener, follow these steps:
Add to Favorites : Add the Divergence Screener to your TradingView favorites to make it available in the Pine Screener.
Create a Watchlist : Build a watchlist containing the instruments (e.g., stocks, ETFs, or forex pairs) you want to scan for divergences.
Access Pine Screener : Navigate to the Pine Screener via TradingView’s main menu: Products -> Screeners -> Pine, or directly visit tradingview.com/pine-screener/.
Select Watchlist : Choose the watchlist you created from the Watchlist dropdown in the Pine Screener interface.
Choose Indicator : Select Divergence Screener from the Choose Indicator dropdown.
Configure Settings : Set the desired timeframe (e.g., 1 hour, 1 day) and adjust indicator settings such as oscillator type, zigzag length, or trend detection method as needed.
Select Filter Criteria : Select the condition on which the watchlist items needs to be filtered. Filtering can only be done on the plots defined in the script.
Run Scan : Press the Scan button to display divergence signals across the selected instruments. The screener will show which instruments exhibit bullish, bearish, bullish hidden, or bearish hidden divergences based on the configured settings.
🎲 Limitations and Possible Future Enhancements
Limitations are
Custom input for oscillator and trend detection cannot be used in pine screener.
Pine screener has max 500 bars available.
Repaint option is by default enabled. When in repaint mode expect the early signal but the signals are prone to repaint.
Possible future enhancements
Add more built-in options for oscillators and trend detection methods so that dependency on external indicators is limited
Multi level zigzag support
Trend Tracker ProTrend Tracker Pro - Advanced Trend Following Indicator
Overview
Trend Tracker Pro is a sophisticated trend-following indicator that combines the power of Exponential Moving Average (EMA) and Average True Range (ATR) to identify market trends and generate precise buy/sell signals. This indicator is designed to help traders capture trending moves while filtering out market noise.
🎯 Key Features
✅ Dynamic Trend Detection
Uses EMA and ATR-based bands to identify trend direction
Automatically adjusts to market volatility
Clear visual trend line that changes color based on market direction
✅ Precise Signal Generation
Buy signals when trend changes to bullish
Sell signals when trend changes to bearish
Reduces false signals by requiring actual trend changes
✅ Visual Clarity
Green trend line: Bullish trend
Red trend line: Bearish trend
Gray trend line: Sideways/neutral trend
Triangle arrows for buy/sell signals
Clear BUY/SELL text labels
✅ Customizable Settings
Trend Length: Adjustable period for EMA and ATR calculation (default: 14)
ATR Multiplier: Controls sensitivity of trend bands (default: 2.0)
Show/Hide Signals: Toggle signal arrows on/off
Show/Hide Labels: Toggle text labels on/off
✅ Built-in Information Panel
Real-time trend direction display
Current trend level value
ATR value for volatility reference
Last signal information
✅ TradingView Alerts
Buy signal alerts
Sell signal alerts
Customizable alert messages
🔧 How It Works
Algorithm Logic:
1.
Calculate EMA: Uses exponential moving average for trend baseline
2.
Calculate ATR: Measures market volatility
3.
Create Bands: Upper band = EMA + (ATR × Multiplier), Lower band = EMA - (ATR × Multiplier)
4.
Determine Trend:
Price above upper band → Bullish trend (trend line = lower band)
Price below lower band → Bearish trend (trend line = upper band)
Price between bands → Continue previous trend
5.
Generate Signals: Signal occurs when trend direction changes
📊 Best Use Cases
✅ Trending Markets
Excellent for capturing strong directional moves
Works well in both bull and bear markets
Ideal for swing trading and position trading
✅ Multiple Timeframes
Effective on all timeframes from 15 minutes to daily
Higher timeframes provide more reliable signals
Can be used for both scalping and long-term investing
✅ Various Asset Classes
Stocks, Forex, Cryptocurrencies, Commodities
Particularly effective in volatile markets
Adapts automatically to different volatility levels
⚙️ Recommended Settings
Conservative Trading (Lower Risk)
Trend Length: 20
ATR Multiplier: 2.5
Best for: Long-term positions, lower frequency signals
Balanced Trading (Default)
Trend Length: 14
ATR Multiplier: 2.0
Best for: Swing trading, moderate frequency signals
Aggressive Trading (Higher Risk)
Trend Length: 10
ATR Multiplier: 1.5
Best for: Day trading, higher frequency signals
🎨 Visual Elements
Trend Line: Main indicator line that follows the trend
Signal Arrows: Triangle shapes indicating buy/sell points
Text Labels: Clear "BUY" and "SELL" text markers
Information Table: Real-time status panel in top-right corner
Color Coding: Intuitive green/red color scheme
⚠️ Important Notes
Risk Management
Always use proper position sizing
Set stop-losses based on ATR values
Consider market conditions and volatility
Not recommended for ranging/sideways markets
Signal Confirmation
Consider using with other indicators for confirmation
Pay attention to volume and market structure
Be aware of major news events and market sessions
Backtesting Recommended
Test the indicator on historical data
Optimize parameters for your specific trading style
Consider transaction costs in your analysis
Two Poles Trend Finder MTF [BigBeluga]🔵 OVERVIEW
Two Poles Trend Finder MTF is a refined trend-following overlay that blends a two-pole Gaussian filter with a multi-timeframe dashboard. It provides a smooth view of price dynamics along with a clear summary of trend directions across multiple timeframes—perfect for traders seeking alignment between short and long-term momentum.
🔵 CONCEPTS
Two-Pole Filter: A smoothing algorithm that responds faster than traditional moving averages but avoids the noise of short-term fluctuations.
var float f = na
var float f_prev1 = na
var float f_prev2 = na
// Apply two-pole Gaussian filter
if bar_index >= 2
f := math.pow(alpha, 2) * source + 2 * (1 - alpha) * f_prev1 - math.pow(1 - alpha, 2) * f_prev2
else
f := source // Warm-up for first bars
// Shift state
f_prev2 := f_prev1
f_prev1 := f
Trend Detection Logic: Trend direction is determined by comparing the current filtered value with its value n bars ago (shifted comparison).
MTF Alignment Dashboard: Trends from 5 configurable timeframes are monitored and visualized as colored boxes:
• Green = Uptrend
• Magenta = Downtrend
Summary Arrow: An average trend score from all timeframes is used to plot an overall arrow next to the asset name.
🔵 FEATURES
Two-Pole Gaussian Filter offers ultra-smooth trend curves while maintaining responsiveness.
Multi-Timeframe Trend Detection:
• Default: 1H, 2H, 4H, 12H, 1D (fully customizable)
• Each timeframe is assessed independently using the same trend logic.
Visual Trend Dashboard positioned at the bottom-right of the chart with color-coded trend blocks.
Dynamic Summary Arrow shows overall market bias (🢁 / 🢃) based on majority of uptrends/downtrends.
Bold + wide trail plot for the filter value with gradient coloring based on directional bias.
🔵 HOW TO USE
Use the multi-timeframe dashboard to identify aligned trends across your preferred trading horizons.
Confirm trend strength or weakness by observing filter slope direction .
Look for dashboard consensus (e.g., 4 or more timeframes green] ) as confirmation for breakout, continuation, or trend reentry strategies.
Combine with volume or price structure to enhance entry timing.
🔵 CONCLUSION
Two Poles Trend Finder MTF delivers a clean and intuitive trend-following solution with built-in multi-timeframe awareness. Whether you’re trading intra-day or positioning for swing setups, this tool helps filter out market noise and keeps you focused on directional consensus.
MACD Trend StatusOverview:
The Dynamic MACD Trend Status indicator is a sophisticated yet easy-to-interpret tool designed to provide instant, color-coded insights into the current MACD momentum and trend strength directly on your chart. Unlike traditional MACD indicators that clutter your main price panel, this indicator distills complex MACD calculations into a single, prominent text label, ideal for quick confirmations and fast-paced trading.
It features two distinct logic modes, allowing you to customize its sensitivity and confirmation level, making it adaptable to various market conditions and trading styles.
Key Features & How It Works:
Two Selectable Logic Modes:
This indicator offers a unique dropdown setting (Logic Selection) to switch between two powerful MACD interpretation algorithms:
a) Option 3 (Robust) - (Default)
This is the most stringent and reliable mode, designed to filter out market noise and highlight only strong, accelerating trends. It declares a "Bullish" or "Bearish" status when ALL of the following conditions are met:
Bullish: MACD Line is above Signal Line AND MACD Histogram is positive AND MACD Histogram is increasing (momentum is accelerating) AND both MACD Line and Signal Line are above the Zero Line (confirming an overall uptrend).
Bearish: MACD Line is below Signal Line AND MACD Histogram is negative AND MACD Histogram is decreasing (momentum is accelerating) AND both MACD Line and Signal Line are below the Zero Line (confirming an overall downtrend).
Neutral: If none of the above strong conditions are met, indicating sideways movement, weakening momentum, or a transition phase.
b) Option 4 (Simplified + Enhanced)
This mode offers a more responsive signal while still providing a clear distinction for exceptionally strong moves. It determines status based on:
"MACD Bullish +" (Super Bullish): If all the rigorous conditions of "Option 3 (Robust) - Bullish" are met. This provides an immediate visual cue of extreme bullish strength within the simpler logic.
"MACD Bearish +" (Super Bearish): If all the rigorous conditions of "Option 3 (Robust) - Bearish" are met. This highlights exceptional bearish strength.
"MACD Bullish": MACD Line is above Signal Line AND MACD Histogram is positive (basic bullish momentum).
"MACD Bearish": MACD Line is below Signal Line AND MACD Histogram is negative (basic bearish momentum).
"MACD Neutral": If none of the above conditions are met.
Instant Color-Coded Status:
The indicator provides clear visual feedback through dynamic text colors:
Green: "MACD Bullish" (Standard Bullish)
Red: "MACD Bearish" (Standard Bearish)
Gray: "MACD Neutral" (Choppy/Unclear)
Blue: "MACD Bullish +" (Enhanced Strong Bullish - when using Option 4)
Fuchsia/Purple: "MACD Bearish +" (Enhanced Strong Bearish - when using Option 4)
(Note: Colors for "+" signals are customizable in the code if you wish)
Unobtrusive Display:
The status is displayed in a transparent, discreet table positioned at the middle-right of your main chart panel. This avoids cluttering the top corners or the indicator sub-panel, keeping your price action clear.
Ideal Use Cases:
Quick Confirmation: Rapidly confirm your trade ideas with a glance at the MACD's underlying momentum.
Scalping & Day Trading: The instant visual feedback is invaluable for fast-paced short-term strategies.
Momentum Filtering: Use it to filter trades, ensuring you're entering when MACD momentum is in your favor.
Complementary Tool: Designed to work hand-in-hand with your primary analysis (price action, support/resistance, other indicators). It's not intended as a standalone signal but as a powerful re-confirmation tool.
Customization Options:
MACD Settings: Adjust Fast Length, Slow Length, and Signal Length.
Logic Selection: Toggle between "Option 3 (Robust)" and "Option 4 (Simplified)" for different sensitivities.
Show Status Text: Toggle the visibility of the status text On/Off.
Text Size: Choose from "tiny", "small", "normal", "large", "huge" for optimal visibility.
Important Disclaimer:
This indicator is a technical analysis tool and should be used as part of a comprehensive trading strategy. It is not financial advice. Trading in financial markets involves substantial risk, and you could lose money. Always perform your own research and risk management.
Normalized Volume IndexIn the realm of technical analysis, volume is more than just a measure of market activity—it’s a window into trader psychology. Two classic indicators that harness this insight are the Positive Volume Index (PVI) and Negative Volume Index (NVI). Developed in the early 20th century by Paul L. Dysart and later refined by Norman G. Fosback in 1976, these tools aim to distinguish between the behavior of the so-called “smart money” and the broader market crowd.
- Positive Volume Index (PVI) tracks price changes only on days when trading volume increases. It assumes that rising volume reflects the actions of less-informed retail traders—those who follow the herd.
- Negative Volume Index (NVI), on the other hand, focuses on days when volume decreases, under the premise that institutional investors (the “smart money”) are more active when the market is quiet.
This dichotomy allows traders to interpret market sentiment through the lens of volume behavior. For example, a rising NVI during a price uptrend may suggest that institutional investors are quietly accumulating positions—often a bullish signal.
Traders use PVI and NVI to:
- Confirm trends: If NVI is above its moving average, it often signals a strong underlying trend supported by smart money.
- Spot reversals: Divergences between price and either index can hint at weakening momentum or upcoming reversals.
- Gauge participation: PVI rising faster than price may indicate overenthusiastic retail buying—potentially a contrarian signal.
These indicators are often paired with moving averages (e.g., 255-day EMA) to generate actionable signals. Fosback’s research suggested that when NVI is above its one-year EMA, there’s a high probability of a bull market.
While PVI and NVI are cumulative indices, normalizing them—for example, by rebasing to 100 or converting to percentage changes—offers several benefits:
- Comparability: Normalized indices can be compared across different assets or timeframes.
- Clarity: It becomes easier to visualize relative strength or weakness.
- Backtesting: Normalized values are more suitable for algorithmic strategies and statistical analysis.
Normalization also helps when combining PVI/NVI with other indicators in multi-factor models, ensuring no single metric dominates due to scale differences
In essence, PVI and NVI offer a nuanced view of market dynamics by separating the noise of volume surges from the quiet confidence of institutional moves. When normalized and interpreted correctly, they become powerful allies in a trader’s decision-making toolkit.
How to use this (Educational material):
For instance, on average, when the Negative Volume Index (NVI) remains above its midline, the market tends to trend positively, reflecting consistent institutional participation. However, when the NVI dips and stays below the midline, it often signals a negative trend, indicating that smart money is stepping away or reducing exposure.
Another telling scenario occurs when the Positive Volume Index (PVI) drops below the NVI. While this might coincide with a brief price dip, institutions often interpret this as an opportunity to buy the dip, quietly accumulating positions while retail participants exit in panic. The result? A market recovery driven by smart money.
Conversely, when the PVI consistently remains above the NVI, it may point to retail enthusiasm outpacing institutional support. This imbalance can flag a tired or overextended trend, where the smart money has already positioned itself defensively. When this pattern persists, there's a high likelihood that institutions will pull the plug, leading to a pronounced trend reversal.
KST Strategy [Skyrexio]Overview
KST Strategy leverages Know Sure Thing (KST) indicator in conjunction with the Williams Alligator and Moving average to obtain the high probability setups. KST is used for for having the high probability to enter in the direction of a current trend when momentum is rising, Alligator is used as a short term trend filter, while Moving average approximates the long term trend and allows trades only in its direction. Also strategy has the additional optional filter on Choppiness Index which does not allow trades if market is choppy, above the user-specified threshold. Strategy has the user specified take profit and stop-loss numbers, but multiplied by Average True Range (ATR) value on the moment when trade is open. The strategy opens only long trades.
Unique Features
ATR based stop-loss and take profit. Instead of fixed take profit and stop-loss percentage strategy utilizes user chosen numbers multiplied by ATR for its calculation.
Configurable Trading Periods. Users can tailor the strategy to specific market windows, adapting to different market conditions.
Optional Choppiness Index filter. Strategy allows to choose if it will use the filter trades with Choppiness Index and set up its threshold.
Methodology
The strategy opens long trade when the following price met the conditions:
Close price is above the Alligator's jaw line
Close price is above the filtering Moving average
KST line of Know Sure Thing indicator shall cross over its signal line (details in justification of methodology)
If the Choppiness Index filter is enabled its value shall be less than user defined threshold
When the long trade is executed algorithm defines the stop-loss level as the low minus user defined number, multiplied by ATR at the trade open candle. Also it defines take profit with close price plus user defined number, multiplied by ATR at the trade open candle. While trade is in progress, if high price on any candle above the calculated take profit level or low price is below the calculated stop loss level, trade is closed.
Strategy settings
In the inputs window user can setup the following strategy settings:
ATR Stop Loss (by default = 1.5, number of ATRs to calculate stop-loss level)
ATR Take Profit (by default = 3.5, number of ATRs to calculate take profit level)
Filter MA Type (by default = Least Squares MA, type of moving average which is used for filter MA)
Filter MA Length (by default = 200, length for filter MA calculation)
Enable Choppiness Index Filter (by default = true, setting to choose the optional filtering using Choppiness index)
Choppiness Index Threshold (by default = 50, Choppiness Index threshold, its value shall be below it to allow trades execution)
Choppiness Index Length (by default = 14, length used in Choppiness index calculation)
KST ROC Length #1 (by default = 10, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
KST ROC Length #2 (by default = 15, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
KST ROC Length #3 (by default = 20, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
KST ROC Length #4 (by default = 30, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
KST SMA Length #1 (by default = 10, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
KST SMA Length #2 (by default = 10, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
KST SMA Length #3 (by default = 10, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
KST SMA Length #4 (by default = 15, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
KST Signal Line Length (by default = 10, value used in KST indicator calculation, more information in Justification of Methodology)
User can choose the optimal parameters during backtesting on certain price chart.
Justification of Methodology
Before understanding why this particular combination of indicator has been chosen let's briefly explain what is KST, Williams Alligator, Moving Average, ATR and Choppiness Index.
The KST (Know Sure Thing) is a momentum oscillator developed by Martin Pring. It combines multiple Rate of Change (ROC) values, smoothed over different timeframes, to identify trend direction and momentum strength. First of all, what is ROC? ROC (Rate of Change) is a momentum indicator that measures the percentage change in price between the current price and the price a set number of periods ago.
ROC = 100 * (Current Price - Price N Periods Ago) / Price N Periods Ago
In our case N is the KST ROC Length inputs from settings, here we will calculate 4 different ROCs to obtain KST value:
KST = ROC1_smooth × 1 + ROC2_smooth × 2 + ROC3_smooth × 3 + ROC4_smooth × 4
ROC1 = ROC(close, KST ROC Length #1), smoothed by KST SMA Length #1,
ROC2 = ROC(close, KST ROC Length #2), smoothed by KST SMA Length #2,
ROC3 = ROC(close, KST ROC Length #3), smoothed by KST SMA Length #3,
ROC4 = ROC(close, KST ROC Length #4), smoothed by KST SMA Length #4
Also for this indicator the signal line is calculated:
Signal = SMA(KST, KST Signal Line Length)
When the KST line rises, it indicates increasing momentum and suggests that an upward trend may be developing. Conversely, when the KST line declines, it reflects weakening momentum and a potential downward trend. A crossover of the KST line above its signal line is considered a buy signal, while a crossover below the signal line is viewed as a sell signal. If the KST stays above zero, it indicates overall bullish momentum; if it remains below zero, it points to bearish momentum. The KST indicator smooths momentum across multiple timeframes, helping to reduce noise and provide clearer signals for medium- to long-term trends.
Next, let’s discuss the short-term trend filter, which combines the Williams Alligator and Williams Fractals. Williams Alligator
Developed by Bill Williams, the Alligator is a technical indicator that identifies trends and potential market reversals. It consists of three smoothed moving averages:
Jaw (Blue Line): The slowest of the three, based on a 13-period smoothed moving average shifted 8 bars ahead.
Teeth (Red Line): The medium-speed line, derived from an 8-period smoothed moving average shifted 5 bars forward.
Lips (Green Line): The fastest line, calculated using a 5-period smoothed moving average shifted 3 bars forward.
When the lines diverge and align in order, the "Alligator" is "awake," signaling a strong trend. When the lines overlap or intertwine, the "Alligator" is "asleep," indicating a range-bound or sideways market. This indicator helps traders determine when to enter or avoid trades.
The next indicator is Moving Average. It has a lot of different types which can be chosen to filter trades and the Least Squares MA is used by default settings. Let's briefly explain what is it.
The Least Squares Moving Average (LSMA) — also known as Linear Regression Moving Average — is a trend-following indicator that uses the least squares method to fit a straight line to the price data over a given period, then plots the value of that line at the most recent point. It draws the best-fitting straight line through the past N prices (using linear regression), and then takes the endpoint of that line as the value of the moving average for that bar. The LSMA aims to reduce lag and highlight the current trend more accurately than traditional moving averages like SMA or EMA.
Key Features:
It reacts faster to price changes than most moving averages.
It is smoother and less noisy than short-term EMAs.
It can be used to identify trend direction, momentum, and potential reversal points.
ATR (Average True Range) is a volatility indicator that measures how much an asset typically moves during a given period. It was introduced by J. Welles Wilder and is widely used to assess market volatility, not direction.
To calculate it first of all we need to get True Range (TR), this is the greatest value among:
High - Low
abs(High - Previous Close)
abs(Low - Previous Close)
ATR = MA(TR, n) , where n is number of periods for moving average, in our case equals 14.
ATR shows how much an asset moves on average per candle/bar. A higher ATR means more volatility; a lower ATR means a calmer market.
The Choppiness Index is a technical indicator that quantifies whether the market is trending or choppy (sideways). It doesn't indicate trend direction — only the strength or weakness of a trend. Higher Choppiness Index usually approximates the sideways market, while its low value tells us that there is a high probability of a trend.
Choppiness Index = 100 × log10(ΣATR(n) / (MaxHigh(n) - MinLow(n))) / log10(n)
where:
ΣATR(n) = sum of the Average True Range over n periods
MaxHigh(n) = highest high over n periods
MinLow(n) = lowest low over n periods
log10 = base-10 logarithm
Now let's understand how these indicators work in conjunction and why they were chosen for this strategy. KST indicator approximates current momentum, when it is rising and KST line crosses over the signal line there is high probability that short term trend is reversing to the upside and strategy allows to take part in this potential move. Alligator's jaw (blue) line is used as an approximation of a short term trend, taking trades only above it we want to avoid trading against trend to increase probability that long trade is going to be winning.
Almost the same for Moving Average, but it approximates the long term trend, this is just the additional filter. If we trade in the direction of the long term trend we increase probability that higher risk to reward trade will hit the take profit. Choppiness index is the optional filter, but if it turned on it is used for approximating if now market is in sideways or in trend. On the range bounded market the potential moves are restricted. We want to decrease probability opening trades in such condition avoiding trades if this index is above threshold value.
When trade is open script sets the stop loss and take profit targets. ATR approximates the current volatility, so we can make a decision when to exit a trade based on current market condition, it can increase the probability that strategy will avoid the excessive stop loss hits, but anyway user can setup how many ATRs to use as a stop loss and take profit target. As was said in the Methodology stop loss level is obtained by subtracting number of ATRs from trade opening candle low, while take profit by adding to this candle's close.
Backtest Results
Operating window: Date range of backtests is 2023.01.01 - 2025.05.01. It is chosen to let the strategy to close all opened positions.
Commission and Slippage: Includes a standard Binance commission of 0.1% and accounts for possible slippage over 5 ticks.
Initial capital: 10000 USDT
Percent of capital used in every trade: 60%
Maximum Single Position Loss: -5.53%
Maximum Single Profit: +8.35%
Net Profit: +5175.20 USDT (+51.75%)
Total Trades: 120 (56.67% win rate)
Profit Factor: 1.747
Maximum Accumulated Loss: 1039.89 USDT (-9.1%)
Average Profit per Trade: 43.13 USDT (+0.6%)
Average Trade Duration: 27 hours
These results are obtained with realistic parameters representing trading conditions observed at major exchanges such as Binance and with realistic trading portfolio usage parameters.
How to Use
Add the script to favorites for easy access.
Apply to the desired timeframe and chart (optimal performance observed on 1h BTC/USDT).
Configure settings using the dropdown choice list in the built-in menu.
Set up alerts to automate strategy positions through web hook with the text: {{strategy.order.alert_message}}
Disclaimer:
Educational and informational tool reflecting Skyrexio commitment to informed trading. Past performance does not guarantee future results. Test strategies in a simulated environment before live implementation.
True Close – Institutional Trading Sessions (Zeiierman)█ Overview
True Close – Institutional Trading Sessions (Zeiierman) is a professional-grade session mapping tool designed to help traders align with how institutions perceive the market’s true close. Unlike the textbook “daily close” used by retail traders, institutional desks often anchor their risk management, execution benchmarks, and exposure metrics to the first hour of the next session.
This indicator visualizes that logic directly on your chart — drawing session boxes, true close levels, and time-aligned labels across Sydney, Tokyo, London, and New York. It highlights the first hour of each session, projects the institutional closing price, and builds a live dashboard that tells you which sessions are active, which are in the critical opening phase, and what levels matter most right now.
More than just a visual tool, this indicator embeds institutional rhythm directly into your workflow — giving you a window into where big players finalize yesterday’s business, rebalance exposure, and execute delayed orders. It’s not just about painting sessions on your chart — it’s about adopting the mindset of those who truly move the market. Institutions don’t settle risk at the bell; they complete it in the next session. This tool lets you see that transition in real time, giving you an edge that goes beyond candles and indicators.
█ How It Works
⚪ Session Detection Engine
Each session is identified by its own time block (e.g., 09:00–17:30 for London). Once a session opens:
A full-session box is drawn to track its range.
The first hour is highlighted separately.
Once the first hour completes, the true close line is plotted, representing the price institutions often treat as the "real" close of the prior day.
⚪ Institutional True Close Logic
The script captures the close of the first hour, not the end of the day.
This line becomes a static reference across your chart, letting you visualize how price interacts with that institutional anchor:
Rejections from it show where yesterday's flow is respected.
Breaks through it may indicate that today's flows are rewriting the narrative.
⚪ Dynamic Dashboard Table
A live table appears in the corner of your screen, showing:
Each session's active status
Whether we’re inside the first hour
The current “true close” price if available
Each cell comes with advanced tooltips giving institutional context, flow dynamics, and market microstructure insights — from rebalancing spillovers to VWAP/TWAP lag effects.
█ How to Use
⚪ Use the First-Hour Line as Your Institutional Anchor
Treat it like the price level that big funds care about. Watch how the price behaves around level. Fades, re-tests, or continuation moves often occur as the market finishes recapping yesterday’s leftover orders.
⚪ Structure Entries Around the Session Context
Are you inside the first hour? Expect more volatility, more decisive flow. After the first session hour, expect fading liquidity as the market slows down and awaits the next session to open.
█ Settings
UTC Offset – Select your preferred time zone; all sessions adjust accordingly.
Session Toggles – Enable/disable Sydney, Tokyo, London, or NY.
Box Display Options – Show/hide session background, first-hour fill, borders.
True Close Line Controls – Enable line, label, and customize width & color.
Execution Hour Labels – Optional toggle for first-hour label placement.
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Disclaimer
The content provided in my scripts, indicators, ideas, algorithms, and systems is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice, investment recommendations, or a solicitation to buy or sell any financial instruments. I will not accept liability for any loss or damage, including without limitation any loss of profit, which may arise directly or indirectly from the use of or reliance on such information.
All investments involve risk, and the past performance of a security, industry, sector, market, financial product, trading strategy, backtest, or individual's trading does not guarantee future results or returns. Investors are fully responsible for any investment decisions they make. Such decisions should be based solely on an evaluation of their financial circumstances, investment objectives, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs.
