ADX-DI - Made EasyThis indicator is a visually improved version of ADX. It makes it much easier to see what's happening by simplifying those confusing, intersecting lines. With this, you can detect the ADX direction more clearly. All the features are also explained in the tooltips of the input fields. Some extra features are included, such as average top and bottom calculation and divergences.
Please note that the divergences on ADX are just experimental and are based on calculations, so there is no guarantee the direction will change.
Komut dosyalarını "Divergence" için ara
buy/sell signals with Support/Resistance (InvestYourAsset) 📣The present indicator is a MACD based buy/sell signals indicator with support and resistance, that can be used to identify potential buy and sell signals in a security's price.
📣It is based on the MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) indicator, which is a momentum indicator that shows the relationship between two moving averages of a security's price.
📣 The indicator also plots support and resistance levels, which can be used to confirm buy and sell signals. The support and resistance can also be used as a stoploss for existing position.
👉 To use the indicator, simply add it to your trading chart. The indicator will plot three sections:
📈 Price and Signals: This section plots the security's price and the MACD buy and sell signals.
📈 MACD Oscillator: This section plots the MACD oscillator, which is a histogram that shows the difference between the two moving averages.
📈 Moving Averages: This section plots the two moving averages that the MACD oscillator is based on.
📈 Support and Resistance: This section plots support and resistance levels, which are calculated based on the security's recent price action.
👉 To identify buy and sell signals, you can look for the following:
📈 Buy signal: When shorter Moving Average crosses over longer Moving Average.
📈 Sell signal: When shorter moving average crosses under longer moving average.
📈 You can also look for divergences between the MACD oscillator and the security's price. A divergence occurs when the MACD oscillator is moving in one direction, but the security's price is moving in the opposite direction. Divergences can be a sign of a potential trend reversal.
👉 To confirm buy and sell signals, you can look for support and resistance levels take a look at below snapshot. If a buy signal occurs at a support level, it is a stronger signal than if it occurs at a random price level. Similarly, if a sell signal occurs at a resistance level, it is a stronger signal than if it occurs at a random price level.
⚡ Here is a example of how to use the indicator to identify buy signal:
☑ Add the indicator to your trading chart.
☑Look for a buy signal when short MA crosses over Long MA.
☑Look for the buy signal to occur at a support level.
☑Enter a long position at the next candle.
☑Place a stop loss order below the support level.
☑Take profit when the MACD line crosses below the signal line, or when the security reaches a resistance level.
⚡ Here is an example of how to use the indicator to identify a sell signal:
☑Add the indicator to your trading chart.
☑Look for a sell signal, when shorter moving average crosses under longer moving average.
☑Look for the sell signal to occur at a resistance level.
☑Enter a short position at the next candle.
☑Place a stop loss order above the resistance level.
☑Take profit when the MACD line crosses above the signal line, or when the security reaches a support level.
✅Things to consider while using the indicator:
📈Look for buy signals in an uptrend and sell signals in a downtrend. This will increase the likelihood of your trades being successful.
📈Place your stop losses below the previous swing low or support for buy signals and above the previous swing high or resistance for sell signals. This will help to limit your losses if the trade goes against you.
📈Consider taking profits at key resistance and support levels. This will help you to lock in your profits and avoid giving them back to the market.
Follow us for timely updates regarding indicators that we may publish in future and give it a like if you appreciate the indicator.
Composite Momentum IndicatorComposite Momentum Indicator" combines the signals from several oscillators, including Stochastic, RSI, Ultimate Oscillator, and Commodity Channel Index (CCI) by averaging the standardized values (Z-Scores). Since it is a Z-Score based indicators the values will be typically be bound between +3 and -3 oscillating around 0. Here's a summary of the code:
Input Parameters: Users can customize the look-back period and set threshold values for overbought and oversold conditions. They can also choose which oscillators to include in the composite calculation.
Oscillator Calculations: The code calculates four separate oscillators - Stochastic, RSI, Ultimate Oscillator, and CCI - each measuring different aspects of market momentum.
Z-Scores Calculation: For each oscillator, the code calculates a Z-Score, which normalizes the oscillator's values based on its historical standard deviation and mean. This allows for a consistent comparison of oscillator values across different timeframes.
Composite Z-Score: The code aggregates the Z-Scores from the selected oscillators, taking into account user preferences (whether to include each oscillator). It then calculates an average Z-Score to create the "Composite Momentum Oscillator."
Conditional Color Coding: The composite oscillator is color-coded based on its average Z-Score value. It turns green when it's above the overbought threshold, red when it's below the oversold threshold, and blue when it's within the specified range.
Horizontal Lines: The code plots horizontal lines at key levels, including 0, ±3, ±2, and ±1, to help users identify important momentum levels.
Gradient Fills: It adds gradient fills above the overbought threshold and below the oversold threshold to visually highlight extreme momentum conditions.
Combining the Stochastic, RSI, Ultimate Oscillator, and Commodity Channel Index (CCI) into one composite indicator offers several advantages for traders and technical analysts:
Comprehensive Insight: Each of these oscillators measures different aspects of market momentum and price action. Combining them into one indicator provides a more comprehensive view of the market's behavior, as it takes into account various dimensions of momentum simultaneously.
Reduced Noise: Standalone oscillators can generate conflicting signals and produce noisy readings, especially during choppy market conditions. A composite indicator smoothes out these discrepancies by averaging the signals from multiple indicators, potentially reducing false signals.
Confirmation and Divergence: By combining multiple oscillators, traders can seek confirmation or divergence signals. When multiple oscillators align in the same direction, it can strengthen a trading signal. Conversely, divergence between the oscillators can warn of potential reversals or weakening trends.
Customization: Traders can tailor the composite indicator to their specific trading strategies and preferences. They have the flexibility to include or exclude specific oscillators, adjust look-back periods, and set threshold levels. This adaptability allows for a more personalized approach to technical analysis.
Clarity and Efficiency: Rather than cluttering the chart with multiple individual oscillators, a composite indicator condenses the information into a single plot. This enhances the clarity of the chart and makes it easier for traders to quickly interpret market conditions.
Overbought/Oversold Identification: Combining these oscillators can improve the identification of overbought and oversold conditions. It reduces the likelihood of false signals since multiple indicators must align to trigger these extreme conditions.
Educational Tool: For novice traders and analysts, a composite indicator can serve as an educational tool by demonstrating how different oscillators interact and influence each other's signals. It allows users to learn about multiple technical indicators in one glance.
Efficient Use of Screen Space: A single composite indicator occupies less screen space compared to multiple separate indicators. This is especially beneficial when analyzing multiple markets or timeframes simultaneously.
Holistic Approach: Instead of relying on a single indicator, a composite approach encourages a more holistic assessment of market conditions. Traders can consider a broader range of factors before making trading decisions.
Increased Confidence: A composite indicator can boost traders' confidence in their decisions. When multiple reliable indicators align, it can provide a stronger basis for taking action in the market.
In summary, combining the Stochastic, RSI, Ultimate Oscillator, and CCI into one composite indicator enhances the depth and reliability of technical analysis. It simplifies the decision-making process, reduces noise, and offers a more complete picture of market momentum, ultimately helping traders make more informed and well-rounded trading decisions.
* Feel free to compare against individual oscillatiors*
Disparity IndexThe Disparity Index is a technical momentum indicator that measures the relative position of the most recent closing price to a selected moving average. It calculates the percentage difference between the closing price and the moving average, providing insights into price momentum and potential reversals.
The formula for the Disparity Index is: * 100, where Close is the most recent closing price and n-period MA is the chosen moving average over n periods.
The Disparity Index can be used in various ways:
Trend Identification: The Disparity Index helps identify the relationship between the price and a chosen moving average. A positive value indicates that the price is above the moving average, suggesting bullish momentum, while a negative value suggests bearish momentum.
Overbought and Oversold Conditions: The Disparity Index can be used to identify potential overbought and oversold conditions. When the index reaches an extremely high value, it may indicate an overbought condition, implying a possible price correction. Conversely, an extremely low value can signal an oversold condition, indicating a potential price rebound.
Divergence: Traders can use the Disparity Index to identify divergence between the price and the indicator. Divergence occurs when the price and the Disparity Index move in opposite directions, potentially signaling an upcoming price reversal.
Personal Strategy: When the Disparity Index generates a green background, it suggests a potential bullish signal. This occurs when the Disparity Index crosses above the oversold threshold or exhibits a bullish reversal pattern. The green background signifies an area where buyers may have gained control, indicating a favorable environment for initiating long positions. This approach allows you to capitalize on potential upward price movements and join the uptrend.
On the other hand, when the Disparity Index generates a red background, it implies a potential bearish signal. This occurs when the Disparity Index crosses below the overbought threshold or exhibits a bearish reversal pattern. The red background highlights a zone where sellers might dominate, indicating a higher likelihood of downward price movements. By considering selling opportunities in these zones, you can position yourself to profit from potential downside moves and align with the prevailing downtrend.
The Disparity Index can be customized by using different types of moving averages such as simple moving averages (SMAs), exponential moving averages (EMAs), or weighted moving averages (WMAs). Additionally, it can be smoothed using another moving average to reduce noise and generate smoother signals, improving trend identification.
In trending markets, the Disparity Index is particularly effective as a trend indicator due to its ability to quickly capture price changes. It can provide early indications of trend strength and potential reversals, allowing traders to enter or exit positions in a timely manner. This advantage over traditional moving averages makes the Disparity Index a valuable tool for trend-following strategies.
Enjoy!
(mab) Volume IndexThis script implements the (mab) Volume Index (MVI) which is a volume momentum oscillator. The formula is similar to the formula of RSI but uses volume instead of price. The price is calculated as the average of open, high, low and close prices and is used to determine if the volume is counted as up-volume or down-volume.
I created MVI to replace OBV on my charts, because OBV is not as simple to read and find e.g. divergences. MVI is much easier to read because it is an oscillator with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 100. It's easy to find divergences too. I like to display MVI over the volume bars. However, you can display it in a separate pain as well.
ERDAL SARIDAS Visual RSIOne-stop shop for all your divergence needs, including:
(1) A single metric for divergence strength across multiple indicators.
(2) Labels that make it easy to spot where the truly strong divergence is by showing the overall divergence strength value along with the number of divergent indicators. Hovering over the label shows a breakdown of each divergent indicator and its individual divergence strength value.
(3) Fully customizable, including inputs for pivot lengths, divergence types, and weights for every component of the divergence strength calculation. This allows you to quickly and easily optimize the output for any chart. Don't worry, the default settings will have you covered if you're not interested in what's going on under the hood.
The Divergence Strength Calculation:
The total divergence strength value is the sum of the divergence strengths of all indicators for which divergence was detected at a given bar. Each indicator's individual divergence strength is comprised of two basic components: (1) |ΔPrice| - the magnitude of the change in price over the divergence period (pivot-to-pivot), and (2) |ΔIndicator| - the magnitude of the change in indicator value over the divergence period.
Because different indicators' scales and volatility can vary greatly, the Δ values are expressed in terms of standard deviation to ensure that the values are meaningful and equitable across all indicators and assets/instruments/currency pairs, etc:
|ΔIndicator| = |indicator_value_1 - indicator_value_2| / 2 * StDev(indicator_series,100)
Calculation Weights:
All components of the calculation are weighted and can be modified on the Inputs page in settings (weights are simply multipliers). For example, if you think hidden divergence should carry less weight than regular divergence, you can assign it a lesser weight. Or if you think RSI divergence is worth more than OBV divergence, you can adjust their weights accordingly. List of weights:
Regular divergence weight - default = 1
Hidden divergence weight - default = 1
ΔPrice weight - default = 0.5 (multiplied by the ΔPrice component)
ΔIndicator weight - default = 1.5 (multiplied by the ΔIndicator component)
RSI weight - default = 1.1
OBV weight - default = 0.8
MACD weight - default = 0.9
STOCH weight - default = 0.9
Development for additional indicators is ongoing, as is research into the optimal weight configuration(s).
Other Inputs:
Pivot lengths - specify the number of bars before and after each pivot high/low to consider it a valid candidate for divergence.
Lookback bars and Lookback pivots - specify the number of bars or the number of pivots to look back across.
Price sources - specify separate price sources for bullish and bearish divergence
Display settings - specify how lines and labels should display, including which divergence strength values should show the largest labels. Include/exclude specific divergence types and indicators.
Please report any bugs, or let me know if you have any enhancement suggestions or requests for additional indicators.
LS Volatility Index█ OVERVIEW
This indicator serves to measure the volatility of the price in relation to the average.
It serves four purposes:
1. Identify abnormal prices, extremely stretched in relation to an average;
2. Identify acceptable prices in the context of the main trend;
3. Identify market crashes;
4. Identify divergences.
█ CONCEPTS
The LS Volatility Index was originally described by Brazilian traders Alexandre Wolwacz (Stormer) , Fabrício Lorenz , and Fábio Figueiredo (Vlad)
Basically, this indicator can be used in two ways:
1. In a mean reversion strategy , when there is an unusual distance from it;
2. In a trend following strategy , when the price is in an acceptable region.
Perhaps the version presented here may have some slight differences, but the core is the same.
The original indicator is presented with a 21-period moving average, but here this value is customizable.
I made some fine tuning available, namely:
1. The possibility of smoothing the indicator;
2. Choose the type of moving average;
3. Customizable period;
4. Possibility to show a moving average of the indicator;
5. Color customization.
█ CALCULATION
First, the distance of the price from a given average in percentage terms is measured.
Then, the historical average volatility is obtained.
Finally the indicator is calculated through the ratio between the distance and the historical volatility.
To facilitate visualization, the result is normalized in a range from 0 to 100.
When it reaches 0, it means the price is on average.
When it hits 100, it means the price is way off average (stretched).
█ HOW TO USE IT
Here are some examples:
1. In a return-to-average strategy
2. In a trend following strategy
3. Identification of crashes and divergences
█ THANKS AND CREDITS
- Alexandre Wolwacz (Stormer), Fabrício Lorenz, Fábio Figueiredo (Vlad)
- Feature scaler (for normalization)
- HPotter (for calc of Historical Volatility)
SMT Pair (Nephew_Sam_)// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at mozilla.org
// © Nephew_Sam_
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This code for version is entirely different from the previous two SMT divergence indicators that I had published in terms of effeciency.
There is an option to have upto 10 custom pairs and 1 default pair (if outside the 10) for your SMT/correlated pair.
The divergence lines are not perfect and is still under development.
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This indicator shows a secondary SMT/correlated pair at them bottom pane as a line or bar chart and draws lines if there are any divergences between the primary and secondary pair.
ie .
GBPUSD - EURUSD
EURUSD - DXY (inversed)
XAUUSD - XAGUSD
Options:
1. Show the secondary pair in lines or candlesticks
2. Divergences between pivot points (I'm yet to implement last pivot to live price)
3. Set 10 primary-smt pairs + a default pair for every other.
4. For every pair there is an option to inverse the price of the smt pair
(Hover over the tips in the indicator settings to learn more)
Measure Volume, Momentum, Trend, VolatilityThis script displays the following indicators in one pane to quickly determine several important factors regarding price action. It allows the user to quickly see all of most important factors surrounding price action in one pane with one quick glance. This should be incredibly helpful and allow things like double divergence and trend confirmation to be spotted much more quickly. I personally use the data in this indicator to replace four separate indicators and it has brought my win rate and profit factor significantly higher. I hadn't seen any place where all of the best J. Welles Wilder indicators such as RSI, Parabolic SAR, and DMI/ADX were brought into one easy to use interface. This is my attempt at fixing that gap. For a much deeper understanding of how to use these indicators, I recommend reading New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems written by J. Welles Wilder.
Momentum via RSI (Relative Strength Index)
Volume via MFI (Money Flow Index)
Volatility via DMI/ADX (Direction Movement Index/Average Directional Index)
Trend via Parabolic SAR (Parabolic Stop and Reverse)
It is worth noting that DMI/ADX and Parabolic SAR can both help determine trend strength and volatility.
The Volatility mechanism is measured by DMI and ADX and displayed at the top of the pane using circles. The top, tiny circles reflect if show if positive DI or negative DI has a higher value. The small circles directly underneath indicate whether or not the ADX is above 20 (configurable, some may choose to increase this to 25 or even 30).
The Momentum mechanism is shown as standard RSI with the default being a white line and default period of 14, which is all configurable.
The Volume mechanism is shown as standard MFI with the default being a fuchsia line and default period of 14, which is also configurable.
The momentum and volume oscillators should be used in conjunction to help spot whether the trend is strong or weak using divergences and the middle, overbought, and oversold levels. These levels are also configurable.
The Trend mechanism is measured by Parabolic SAR and displayed at the bottom of the pane using diamonds. The default is red diamonds when in a bear trend, green when in an uptrend which is configurable. When price is above the Parabolic SAR, it is considered to be an uptrend. When price is below the Parabolic SAR, it is considered to be a downtrend. The way price is measured is also configurable (i.e. open, close, ohlc4, hlc3, etc.). When price crossed above or below the Parabolic SAR, the diamonds will change colors.
All the indicators displayed should be used in a well rounded strategy. For instance, I only trade when ADX is above 20 and rarely trade against the trend shown via PSAR. When trend shifts and divergences helped indicate a trend shift would occur using the RSI and MFI, it can be a great spot to take an entry. RSI/MFI can also confirm the trend is strong when they are not showing divergences and inline with price action. All of this data should be used in conjunction with good fundamental data and technical levels. Divergences with RSI and MFI on double tops or bottoms can also be incredibly powerful. There is no right or wrong way to use all the data displayed in this indicator, however using all four pillars of trading (Momentum, Volume, Trend, Volatility) will help ensure only the best trades are taken.
MACD-X Overlay, More Than MACD by DGTMoving Average Convergence Divergence – MACD
The most popular indicator used in technical analysis , the moving average convergence divergence ( MACD ), created by Gerald Appel. MACD is a trend-following momentum indicator , designed to reveal changes in the strength, direction, momentum, and duration of a trend in a financial instrument’s price
Historical evolution of MACD ,
- Gerald Appel created the MACD line,
- Thomas Aspray added the histogram feature to MACD
- Giorgos E. Siligardos created a leader of MACD
MACD employs two Moving Averages of varying lengths (which are lagging indicators) to identify trend direction and duration. Then, MACD takes the difference in values between those two Moving Averages (MACD Line) and an EMA of those Moving Averages (Signal Line) and plots that difference between the two lines as a histogram which oscillates above and below a center Zero Line. The histogram is used as a good indication of a security's momentum.
The MACD indicator is typically good for identifying three types of basic signals;
Signal Line Crossovers
A Signal Line Crossover is the most common signal produced by the MACD . On the occasions where the MACD Line crosses above or below the Signal Line, that can signify a potentially strong move. The standard interpretation of such an event is a recommendation to buy if the MACD line crosses up through the Signal Line (a "bullish" crossover), or to sell if it crosses down through the Signal Line (a "bearish" crossover). These events are taken as indications that the trend in the financial instrument is about to accelerate in the direction of the crossover.
Zero Line Crossovers
Zero Line Crossovers occur when the MACD Line crossed the Zero Line and either becomes positive (above 0) or negative (below 0). A change from positive to negative MACD is interpreted as "bearish", and from negative to positive as "bullish". Zero crossovers provide evidence of a change in the direction of a trend but less confirmation of its momentum than a signal line crossover
Divergence
Divergence is another signal created by the MACD . Simply, divergence occurs when the MACD and actual price are not in agreement. A "positive divergence" or "bullish divergence" occurs when the price makes a new low but the MACD does not confirm with a new low of its own. A "negative divergence" or "bearish divergence" occurs when the price makes a new high but the MACD does not confirm with a new high of its own. A divergence with respect to price may occur on the MACD line and/or the MACD Histogram
Moving Average Crossovers , another hidden signal that MACD Indicator identifies
Many traders will watch for a short-term moving average to cross above a longer-term moving average and use this to signal increasing upward momentum. This bullish crossover suggests that the price has recently been rising at a faster rate than it has in the past, so it is a common technical buy sign. Conversely, a short-term moving average crossing below a longer-term average is used to illustrate that the asset's price has been moving downward at a faster rate and that it may be a good time to sell.
Moving Average Crossovers in reality is Zero Line Crossovers, the value of the MACD indicator is equal to zero each time the two moving averages cross over each other. For easy interpretation by trades, Zero Line Crossovers are simply described as positive or negative MACD
False signals
Like any forecasting algorithm, the MACD can generate false signals. A false positive, for example, would be a bullish crossover followed by a sudden decline in a financial instrument. A false negative would be a situation where there is bearish crossover, yet the financial instrument accelerated suddenly upwards
What is “MACD-X” and Why it is “More Than MACD”
In its simples form, MACD-X implements variety of different calculation techniques applied to obtain MACD Line. Different calculation techniques lead to different values for MACD Line, as will further discuss below, and as a consequence the signal line and the histogram values will differentiate accordingly.
Main features of MACD-X ;
1- Plotting of the Oscillator presented on top of the price chart (main chart) and applicable on both log and linear scale. Maximum plotting length is limited to 250 bars
2- Introduces different proven techniques applied on MACD calculation, such as MACD-AS (Histogram), MACD-Leader and MACD-Source, besides the traditional MACD (MACD-TRADITIONAL)
• MACD-Traditional, by Gerald Appel
It is the MACD that we know, stated as traditional just to avoid confusion with other techniques used with this study
• MACD-Histogram, by Thomas Aspray
The MACD-Histogram measures the distance between MACD and its signal line (the 9-day EMA of MACD ). Aspray developed the MACD-Histogram to anticipate signal line crossovers in MACD . Because MACD uses moving averages and moving averages lag price, signal line crossovers can come late and affect the reward-to-risk ratio of a trade. Bullish or bearish divergences in the MACD-Histogram can alert chartists to an imminent signal line crossover in MACD
Aspray's contribution served as a way to anticipate (and therefore cut down on lag) possible MACD crossovers which are a fundamental part of the indicator.
• MACD-Leader, by Giorgos E. Siligardos, PhD
MACD Leader has the ability to lead MACD at critical situations. Almost all smoothing methods encounter in technical analysis are based on a relative-weighted sum of past prices, and the Leader is no exception. The concealed weights of MACD Leader are such that more relative weight is used in the more recent prices than the respective weights used by the components of MACD . In effect, the Leader expresses more changes in average price dynamics for the recent price movement than MACD , thus eventually leading MACD , especially when significant trend changes are about to take place.
• MACD-Source, a custom experimental interpretation of mine,
MACD Source, presents an application of MACD that evaluates Source/MA Ratio, relatively with less lag, as a basis for MACD Line, also can be expressed as source convergence/divergence to its moving average. Among the various techniques for removing the lag between price and moving average (MA) of the price, one in particular stands out: the addition to the moving average of a portion of the difference between the price and MA. MACD Source, is based on signal length mean of the difference between Source and average value of shot length and long length moving average of the source (Source/MA Ratio), where the source is actual value and hence no lag and relatively less lag with the average value of moving average of the source .
MACD Source provides relatively early crossovers comparing to MACD and better momentum direction indications, assuming the lengths are set to same values
3- Alerts presented for MACD and Signal Line Crosses both for Early Warning and Confirmed Crossovers
For more, You are kindly invited to have a look to other MACD or similar studies presented on separate pane
MACD-X, More Than MACD by DGT , P-MACD by DGT and Price Distance to its MA by DGT
Disclaimer : Trading success is all about following your trading strategy and the indicators should fit within your trading strategy, and not to be traded upon solely
The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd TradingView user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
Advanced RSI HelperHere is Advanced RSI Helper. An advanced RSI represented in a candle type chart. It contains a Stochastic and a Pivot Detector (High-Low) and RSI divergences.
It also contains a Filter which you can configure the upper, lower zone to colorize the bars on the chart only when you are overbought or oversold, when you are in range the bars appear "transparent".
You also have the option of placing alerts for divergences or when the rsi exceeds the upper zone 1 / 2 or lower zone 1 / 2.
if you encounter any bugs do not hesitate to let me know in the comment area. The same goes for your suggestions.
Cheers and remember, risk management is the most important!
MACD-X, More Than MACD by DGTMoving Average Convergence Divergence – MACD
The most popular indicator used in technical analysis, the moving average convergence divergence (MACD), created by Gerald Appel. MACD is a trend-following momentum indicator, designed to reveal changes in the strength, direction, momentum, and duration of a trend in a financial instrument’s price
Historical evolution of MACD,
- Gerald Appel created the MACD line,
- Thomas Aspray added the histogram feature to MACD
- Giorgos E. Siligardos created a leader of MACD
MACD employs two Moving Averages of varying lengths (which are lagging indicators) to identify trend direction and duration. Then, MACD takes the difference in values between those two Moving Averages (MACD Line) and an EMA of those Moving Averages (Signal Line) and plots that difference between the two lines as a histogram which oscillates above and below a center Zero Line. The histogram is used as a good indication of a security's momentum.
Mathematically expressed as;
macd = ma(source, fast_length) – ma(source, slow_length)
signal = ma(macd, signal_length)
histogram = macd – signal
where exponential moving average (ema) is in common use as a moving average (ma)
fast_length = 12
slow_length = 26
signal_length = 9
The MACD indicator is typically good for identifying three types of basic signals ;
Signal Line Crossovers
A Signal Line Crossover is the most common signal produced by the MACD. On the occasions where the MACD Line crosses above or below the Signal Line, that can signify a potentially strong move. The standard interpretation of such an event is a recommendation to buy if the MACD line crosses up through the Signal Line (a "bullish" crossover), or to sell if it crosses down through the Signal Line (a "bearish" crossover). These events are taken as indications that the trend in the financial instrument is about to accelerate in the direction of the crossover.
Zero Line Crossovers
Zero Line Crossovers occur when the MACD Line crossed the Zero Line and either becomes positive (above 0) or negative (below 0). A change from positive to negative MACD is interpreted as "bearish", and from negative to positive as "bullish". Zero crossovers provide evidence of a change in the direction of a trend but less confirmation of its momentum than a signal line crossover
Divergence
Divergence is another signal created by the MACD. Simply, divergence occurs when the MACD and actual price are not in agreement. A "positive divergence" or "bullish divergence" occurs when the price makes a new low but the MACD does not confirm with a new low of its own. A "negative divergence" or "bearish divergence" occurs when the price makes a new high but the MACD does not confirm with a new high of its own. A divergence with respect to price may occur on the MACD line and/or the MACD Histogram
Moving Average Crossovers , another hidden signal that MACD Indicator identifies
Many traders will watch for a short-term moving average to cross above a longer-term moving average and use this to signal increasing upward momentum. This bullish crossover suggests that the price has recently been rising at a faster rate than it has in the past, so it is a common technical buy sign. Conversely, a short-term moving average crossing below a longer-term average is used to illustrate that the asset's price has been moving downward at a faster rate and that it may be a good time to sell.
Moving Average Crossovers in reality is Zero Line Crossovers, the value of the MACD indicator is equal to zero each time the two moving averages cross over each other. For easy interpretation by trades, Zero Line Crossovers are simply described as positive or negative MACD
False signals
Like any forecasting algorithm, the MACD can generate false signals. A false positive, for example, would be a bullish crossover followed by a sudden decline in a financial instrument. A false negative would be a situation where there is bearish crossover, yet the financial instrument accelerated suddenly upwards
What is “MACD-X” and Why it is “More Than MACD”
In its simples form, MACD-X implements variety of different calculation techniques applied to obtain MACD Line, ability to use of variety of different sources , including Volume related sources, and can be plotted along with MACD in the same window and all those features are available and presented within a single indicator, MACD-X
Different calculation techniques lead to different values for MACD Line, as will further discuss below, and as a consequence the signal line and the histogram values will differentiate accordingly. Mathematical calculation of both signal line and the histogram remain the same.
Main features of MACD-X ;
1- Introduces different proven techniques applied on MACD calculation , such as MACD-Histogram, MACD-Leader and MACD-Source, besides the traditional MACD (MACD-TRADITIONAL)
• MACD-Traditional , by Gerald Appel
It is the MACD that we know, stated as traditional just to avoid confusion with other techniques used with this study
• MACD-Histogram , by Thomas Aspray
The MACD-Histogram measures the distance between MACD and its signal line (the 9-day EMA of MACD). Aspray developed the MACD-Histogram to anticipate signal line crossovers in MACD. Because MACD uses moving averages and moving averages lag price, signal line crossovers can come late and affect the reward-to-risk ratio of a trade. Bullish or bearish divergences in the MACD-Histogram can alert chartists to an imminent signal line crossover in MACD
The MACD-Histogram represents the difference between MACD and its 9-day EMA, the signal line. Mathematically,
macdx = macd - ma(macd, signal_length)
Aspray's contribution served as a way to anticipate (and therefore cut down on lag) possible MACD crossovers which are a fundamental part of the indicator.
Here come a question, what if repeat the same calculations once more (macdh2 = macdh - ma(macdh, signal_length), will it be even better, this question will remain to be tested
• MACD-Leader , by Giorgos E. Siligardos, PhD
MACD Leader has the ability to lead MACD at critical situations. Almost all smoothing methods encounter in technical analysis are based on a relative-weighted sum of past prices, and the Leader is no exception. The concealed weights of MACD Leader are such that more relative weight is used in the more recent prices than the respective weights used by the components of MACD. In effect, the Leader expresses more changes in average price dynamics for the recent price movement than MACD, thus eventually leading MACD, especially when significant trend changes are about to take place.
Siligardos creates two less-laggard moving averages indicators in its formula using the same periods as follows
Indicator1 = ma(source, fast_length) + ma(source - ma(source, fast_length), fast_length)
Indicator2 = ma(source, slow_length) + ma(source - ma(source, slow_length), slow_length)
and then take the difference:
Indicator1 - Indicator2
The result is a new MACD Leader indicator
macdx = macd + ma(source - fast_ma, fast_length) - ma(source - slow_ma, slow_length)
• MACD-Source , a custom experimental interpretation of mine ,
MACD Source, presents an application of MACD that evaluates Source/MA Ratio, relatively with less lag, as a basis for MACD Line, also can be expressed as source convergence/divergence to its moving average. Among the various techniques for removing the lag between price and moving average (MA) of the price, one in particular stands out: the addition to the moving average of a portion of the difference between the price and MA. MACD Source, is based on signal length mean of the difference between Source and average value of shot length and long length moving average of the source (Source/MA Ratio), where the source is actual value and hence no lag and relatively less lag with the average value of moving average of the source . Mathematically expressed as,
macdx = ma(source - avg( ma(source, fast_length), ma(source, slow_length) ), signal_length)
MACD Source provides relatively early crossovers comparing to MACD and better momentum direction indications, assuming the lengths are set to same values
For further details, you are invited to check the following two studies, where the first seeds were sown of the MACD-Source idea
Price Distance to its Moving Averages study, adapts the idea of “Prices high above the moving average (MA) or low below it are likely to be remedied in the future by a reverse price movement", presented in an article by Denis Alajbeg, Zoran Bubas and Dina Vasic published in International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management
First MACD like interpretation comes with the second study named as “ P-MACD ”, where P stands for price, P-MACD study attempts to display relationship between Price and its 20 and 200-period moving average. Calculations with P-MACD were based on price distance (convergence/divergence) to its 200-period moving average, and moving average convergence/divergence of 20-period moving average to 200-period moving average of price.
Now as explained above, MACD Source is a one adapted with traditional MACD, where Source stands for Price, Volume Indicator etc, any source applicable with MACD concept
2- Allows usage of variety of different sources, including Volume related indicators
The most common usage of Source for MACD calculation is close value of the financial instruments price. As an experimental approach, this study will allow source to be selected as one of the following series;
• Current Close Price (close)
• Average of High, Low, and Close Price (hlc3)
• On Balance Volume (obv)
• Accumulation Distribution (accdist)
• Price Volume Trend (pvt)
Where,
-Current Close Price and Average of High, Low, and Close Price are price actions of the financial instrument
- Accumulation Distribution is a volume based indicator designed to measure underlying supply and demand
- On Balance Volume (OBV) , is a momentum indicator that measures positive and negative volume flow
- Price Volume Trend (PVT) is a momentum based indicator used to measure money flow
3- Can be plotted along with MACD in the same window using the same scaling
Default setting of MACD-X will display MACD-Source with Current Close Price as a source and traditional MACD can be plotted eighter as a companion of MACD-X or can be selected to be plotted alone.
Applying both will add ability to compare, or use as a confirmation of one other
In case, traditional MACD Is plotted along with MACD-X to avoid misinterpreting, the lines plotted, the area between MACD-X Line and Signal-X Line is highlighted automatically, even if the highlight option not selected. Otherwise highlight will be applied only if that option selected
4- 4C Histogram
Histogram is plotted with four colors to emphasize the momentum and direction
5- Customizable
Additional to ability of selecting Calculation Method, Source, plotting along with MACD, there are few other option that allows users to customize the MACD-X indicator
Lengths are configurable, default values are set as 12, 26, 9 respectively for fast, slow and smoothing length. Setting lengths to 8,21,5 respectively Is worth checking, slower length moving averages will lead to less lag and earlier reaction to price actions but yet requires a caution and back testing before applying
Highlight the area between MACD-X Line and Signal-X Line, with colors emphasising the direction
Label can be added to display Calculation Method, Source and Length settings, the aim of this label is to server only as a reminder to trades to be aware of settings while they are occupied with charts, analysis etc.
Here comes another question, which is of more importance having the reminder or having the indicators with multi timeframe feature? Build-in Multi Time Frame features of Pine is not supported when labels and lines introduced in the script, there are other methods but brings complexity. To be studied further, this version will be with labels for time being.
Epilogue
MACD-X is an alternative variant of MACD, the insight/signals provided by MACD are also applicable to MACD-X with early and clear warnings for the changes in the trend.
If MACD is essential to your analysis, then it is my guess that after using the MACD-X for a while and familiarizing yourself with its unique character and personality, you will make it an inseparable companion to other indicators in your charts.
The various signals generated by MACD/MACD-X are easily interpreted and very few indicators in technical analysis have proved to be more reliable than the MACD, and this relatively simple indicator can quickly be incorporated into any short-term trading strategy
Disclaimer : Trading success is all about following your trading strategy and the indicators should fit within your trading strategy, and not to be traded upon solely
The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd TradingView user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
Apirine Slow Candlestick RSI [ChuckBanger]This is just a candle stick version of Apirine Slow RSI. The yellow line is Apirine Slow RSI with the option to set an offset to it to filter out nice. RSI oscillating between 0 and 100. And whats good with Apirine version is it generates both OB/OS signals and midline (50) cross over signals and divergences. As author suggests, bullish/bearish divergences generated by the indicator are not as effective during strong trends. To avoid fading an established trend, the system is used in conjunction with a trend confirmation tool like ADX indicator.
The script spits out red and green diamonds as a potential long and short signals when the yellow line crosses close of the RSI candles. And combine it with trend confirmation tool like ADX, and if you apply it correctly. You have a very robust trading system. Good luck traders
RSI + Composite Index [SHK]One of the most powerful indicator based and divergence strategies i have ever seen was made by Constance Brown.
The Composite Index:
The best way to think of the Composite Index as it applies to the RSI is to think of the RSI as Windows 3.0 and the Composite Index as Windows 10. Constance Brown discovered that the RSI, while it does create and detect divergences, does is not as accurate as it could be. It’s a bit of an oxymoron to say this but the RSI is a momentum indicator without any momentum calculation attached to it. The RSI actually misses a significant amount of important moves and even generates some bad moves. What Constance Brown did with the RSI is to input a momentum calculation within the RSI itself.
Usage:
1. Check hidden and regular divergences on RSI+COMPOSITE_INDEX and PRICE+COMPOSITE_INDEX.
2. After finding divergence wait for COMPOSITE_INDEX to cross under/over it's moving averages to trigger.
Useful Note:
"RSI overbought/oversold as filter", "RSI and COMPOSITE_INDEX trendline as trigger", "RSI 50 Over/Under as trend direction detection", ... can be add to this strategy.
Enjoy!
Function : Know Sure Thing ! (KST)Firstly : Know Sure Thing, or KST , is a momentum oscillator developed by Martin Pring to make rate-of-change readings easier for traders to interpret. In a 1992 Stocks and Commodities article, Mr. Pring referred to the indicator as "Summed Rate of Change ( KST )," but the KST term stuck with technical analysts. The indicator is relatively common among technical analysts preferring momentum oscillators to make decisions.
References : Investopedia (www.investopedia.com )
Let's start :
Simply :
KST : Above point 0 means long position (positive zone), below point 0 (negative zone) means short position.
I liked this indicator more than RSI because we can evaluate the breaking points of the channels we draw on the indicator according to the regions.
Plus area (positive area), breaking the channel upwards may indicate a very strong rise, and minus area (negative area) the channel downwards may indicate a very strong fall.
As a person who is very keen to identify major trends in advance, I like the KST indicator to approach the target quickly and simply. I also find it very successful in terms of divergences.
CAUTION : This indicator has been written before many times on TV. I have no effort on it. I saved loads only for variable periods. But I have enough experience to say that you are successful in trends with KST . Nevertheless, do not use it alone, as other promoters may benefit.
For example , I divided the standard periods into 4 as in the script. With a correct adaptive period, it has the potential to contribute greatly to accurate moves! You can use with mutable variable periods. Abundant trend lines can be drawn on the indicator and divergences between price and indicator can be sought. Best regards!
Williy CRIThis idea I got from rationalinvestor.com . SELL when you see overbought with MACD confirming bearish divergences and buywhen you see oversold with MACD confirming bullish divergences.
