Dynamic 50% Line [Daily and Weekly Range]This indicator automatically plots the 50% retracement level (midpoint) of the daily and weekly trading ranges. It helps traders identify key support/resistance zones where price may react, offering insights into potential reversal or continuation areas.
Auction Market Theory & the 50% Level
At its core, this indicator is built on Auction Market Theory (AMT), which views price movement as an ongoing auction process where buyers and sellers compete to establish value. The 50% midpoint represents fair value—the equilibrium where price is most likely to balance before continuing its trend or reversing.
When price deviates too far from this level, it often returns to balance (mean reversion) or accepts new value (breakout). By tracking the daily and weekly 50% lines, traders can:
Identify high-probability reversal zones (where price may reject fair value).
Spot trend continuation areas (where price accepts higher/lower value).
Align with institutional order flow, as large players often use these levels for execution.
This makes the indicator particularly powerful for traders who follow volume profile, order flow, or ICT concepts, as it visually maps the market’s ongoing auction process.
Features:
✅ Automated Daily & Weekly Midpoints – Calculates the 50% level from the high/low of each session.
✅ Customizable Line Styles – Choose between solid, dotted, or dashed lines for better visibility.
✅ Clear Labeling – Optional text labels show "50% Level" or custom text at your preferred position (left, middle, or right).
✅ Flexible Styling – Adjust line colors, thickness, and text size to match your chart theme.
How It Works:
Daily 50% Line: Resets at 6 PM NY time (new trading day).
Weekly 50% Line: Resets on Sunday at 6 PM NY time (new trading week).
The midpoint is calculated as:
(High + Low) / 2
Lines extend 500 bars forward for easy visibility.
Why Use This Indicator?
Unlike static Fibonacci tools, this dynamic indicator auto-updates the 50% level as new highs/lows form, saving time and improving accuracy. Whether you trade forex, stocks, or crypto, these levels often act as strong magnets for price action.
Komut dosyalarını "摩根标普500指数基金的收益如何" için ara
RatioSPX/Inverted Fed Funds RateHere is the Pine Script that compares the S&P 500 (SPX) to the inverse Fed Funds Rate, both normalized to a 0–1 scale for easy visual comparison:
RatioBTC/Inverted Fed Funds RateHere is the Pine Script that compares the S&P 500 (SPX) to the inverse Fed Funds Rate, both normalized to a 0–1 scale for easy visual comparison:
Benford's Law Actual [Tagstrading]Benford’s Law Chart — First Digit Analysis of Percentage Price Drops
This script visualizes the distribution of the leading digit in the percentage change of price drops, and compares it to the theoretical distribution expected by Benford’s Law.
It helps traders, analysts, and quants to detect anomalies, unnatural behavior, or price manipulation in any asset or timeframe.
How to Use
Add to any chart or symbol (stocks, crypto, FX, etc.) and select the timeframe you wish to analyze.
Set the “Number of Bars to Analyze” input (default: 500) to control the length of the historical window.
The chart will display, for the latest window:
A blue line: the actual leading-digit distribution for percentage price changes between bars.
A red line: the expected distribution per Benford’s Law.
Labels below and above: digit markers and the expected (theoretical) percentages.
Summary panel on the right: frequency counts and actual vs. theoretical % for each digit.
Interpretation:
If your actual (blue) curve or digit counts are significantly different from the red Benford’s Law curve, it could indicate unnatural price action, fraud, bot activity, or structural anomalies.
Why is this useful for TradingView?
Financial forensics: Benford’s Law is a classic tool for detecting data manipulation and fraud in accounting. On charts, it can reveal if price movements are statistically “natural.”
Transparency and confidence: Helps communities audit markets, brokers, or exchanges for irregularities.
Adaptable: Works on any market, any timeframe.
What makes this script unique?
Focuses on % price changes, not raw prices.
This provides a fair comparison across assets, symbols, and timeframes.
Measures only the direction and magnitude of drops/rises — more suitable for detecting manipulation in active markets.
Clear and customizable visualization:
The Benford line, actual data, and summary are all visible and readable in one glance.
Optimized for speed and clarity (runs efficiently on all major charts).
How is it different from stg44’s Benford’s Law script?
This script analyzes the leading digit of percentage price changes (i.e., how much the price drops or rises in %),
while the original by stg44 analyzes the leading digit of price itself.
Results are less sensitive to price scale and more comparable across volatile and non-volatile assets.
The summary panel clearly shows ( ) for actual and for Benford theoretical values.
Full code is commented and open for the community.
Credits and Inspiration
This script was inspired by “Benford’s Law” by stg44:
Thanks to the TradingView community for sharing powerful visual ideas.
—
By tags trading
US Macroeconomic Conditions IndexThis study presents a macroeconomic conditions index (USMCI) that aggregates twenty US economic indicators into a composite measure for real-time financial market analysis. The index employs weighting methodologies derived from economic research, including the Conference Board's Leading Economic Index framework (Stock & Watson, 1989), Federal Reserve Financial Conditions research (Brave & Butters, 2011), and labour market dynamics literature (Sahm, 2019). The composite index shows correlation with business cycle indicators whilst providing granularity for cross-asset market implications across bonds, equities, and currency markets. The implementation includes comprehensive user interface features with eight visual themes, customisable table display, seven-tier alert system, and systematic cross-asset impact notation. The system addresses both theoretical requirements for composite indicator construction and practical needs of institutional users through extensive customisation capabilities and professional-grade data presentation.
Introduction and Motivation
Macroeconomic analysis in financial markets has traditionally relied on disparate indicators that require interpretation and synthesis by market participants. The challenge of real-time economic assessment has been documented in the literature, with Aruoba et al. (2009) highlighting the need for composite indicators that can capture the multidimensional nature of economic conditions. Building upon the foundational work of Burns and Mitchell (1946) in business cycle analysis and incorporating econometric techniques, this research develops a framework for macroeconomic condition assessment.
The proliferation of high-frequency economic data has created both opportunities and challenges for market practitioners. Whilst the availability of real-time data from sources such as the Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) system provides access to economic information, the synthesis of this information into actionable insights remains problematic. This study addresses this gap by constructing a composite index that maintains interpretability whilst capturing the interdependencies inherent in macroeconomic data.
Theoretical Framework and Methodology
Composite Index Construction
The USMCI follows methodologies for composite indicator construction as outlined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD, 2008). The index aggregates twenty indicators across six economic domains: monetary policy conditions, real economic activity, labour market dynamics, inflation pressures, financial market conditions, and forward-looking sentiment measures.
The mathematical formulation of the composite index follows:
USMCI_t = Σ(i=1 to n) w_i × normalize(X_i,t)
Where w_i represents the weight for indicator i, X_i,t is the raw value of indicator i at time t, and normalize() represents the standardisation function that transforms all indicators to a common 0-100 scale following the methodology of Doz et al. (2011).
Weighting Methodology
The weighting scheme incorporates findings from economic research:
Manufacturing Activity (28% weight): The Institute for Supply Management Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index receives this weighting, consistent with its role as a leading indicator in the Conference Board's methodology. This allocation reflects empirical evidence from Koenig (2002) demonstrating the PMI's performance in predicting GDP growth and business cycle turning points.
Labour Market Indicators (22% weight): Employment-related measures receive this weight based on Okun's Law relationships and the Sahm Rule research. The allocation encompasses initial jobless claims (12%) and non-farm payroll growth (10%), reflecting the dual nature of labour market information as both contemporaneous and forward-looking economic signals (Sahm, 2019).
Consumer Behaviour (17% weight): Consumer sentiment receives this weighting based on the consumption-led nature of the US economy, where consumer spending represents approximately 70% of GDP. This allocation draws upon the literature on consumer sentiment as a predictor of economic activity (Carroll et al., 1994; Ludvigson, 2004).
Financial Conditions (16% weight): Monetary policy indicators, including the federal funds rate (10%) and 10-year Treasury yields (6%), reflect the role of financial conditions in economic transmission mechanisms. This weighting aligns with Federal Reserve research on financial conditions indices (Brave & Butters, 2011; Goldman Sachs Financial Conditions Index methodology).
Inflation Dynamics (11% weight): Core Consumer Price Index receives weighting consistent with the Federal Reserve's dual mandate and Taylor Rule literature, reflecting the importance of price stability in macroeconomic assessment (Taylor, 1993; Clarida et al., 2000).
Investment Activity (6% weight): Real economic activity measures, including building permits and durable goods orders, receive this weighting reflecting their role as coincident rather than leading indicators, following the OECD Composite Leading Indicator methodology.
Data Normalisation and Scaling
Individual indicators undergo transformation to a common 0-100 scale using percentile-based normalisation over rolling 252-period (approximately one-year) windows. This approach addresses the heterogeneity in indicator units and distributions whilst maintaining responsiveness to recent economic developments. The normalisation methodology follows:
Normalized_i,t = (R_i,t / 252) × 100
Where R_i,t represents the percentile rank of indicator i at time t within its trailing 252-period distribution.
Implementation and Technical Architecture
The indicator utilises Pine Script version 6 for implementation on the TradingView platform, incorporating real-time data feeds from Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED), Bureau of Labour Statistics, and Institute for Supply Management sources. The architecture employs request.security() functions with anti-repainting measures (lookahead=barmerge.lookahead_off) to ensure temporal consistency in signal generation.
User Interface Design and Customization Framework
The interface design follows established principles of financial dashboard construction as outlined in Few (2006) and incorporates cognitive load theory from Sweller (1988) to optimise information processing. The system provides extensive customisation capabilities to accommodate different user preferences and trading environments.
Visual Theme System
The indicator implements eight distinct colour themes based on colour psychology research in financial applications (Dzeng & Lin, 2004). Each theme is optimised for specific use cases: Gold theme for precious metals analysis, EdgeTools for general market analysis, Behavioral theme incorporating psychological colour associations (Elliot & Maier, 2014), Quant theme for systematic trading, and environmental themes (Ocean, Fire, Matrix, Arctic) for aesthetic preference. The system automatically adjusts colour palettes for dark and light modes, following accessibility guidelines from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1) to ensure readability across different viewing conditions.
Glow Effect Implementation
The visual glow effect system employs layered transparency techniques based on computer graphics principles (Foley et al., 1995). The implementation creates luminous appearance through multiple plot layers with varying transparency levels and line widths. Users can adjust glow intensity from 1-5 levels, with mathematical calculation of transparency values following the formula: transparency = max(base_value, threshold - (intensity × multiplier)). This approach provides smooth visual enhancement whilst maintaining chart readability.
Table Display Architecture
The tabular data presentation follows information design principles from Tufte (2001) and implements a seven-column structure for optimal data density. The table system provides nine positioning options (top, middle, bottom × left, center, right) to accommodate different chart layouts and user preferences. Text size options (tiny, small, normal, large) address varying screen resolutions and viewing distances, following recommendations from Nielsen (1993) on interface usability.
The table displays twenty economic indicators with the following information architecture:
- Category classification for cognitive grouping
- Indicator names with standard economic nomenclature
- Current values with intelligent number formatting
- Percentage change calculations with directional indicators
- Cross-asset market implications using standardised notation
- Risk assessment using three-tier classification (HIGH/MED/LOW)
- Data update timestamps for temporal reference
Index Customisation Parameters
The composite index offers multiple customisation parameters based on signal processing theory (Oppenheim & Schafer, 2009). Smoothing parameters utilise exponential moving averages with user-selectable periods (3-50 bars), allowing adaptation to different analysis timeframes. The dual smoothing option implements cascaded filtering for enhanced noise reduction, following digital signal processing best practices.
Regime sensitivity adjustment (0.1-2.0 range) modifies the responsiveness to economic regime changes, implementing adaptive threshold techniques from pattern recognition literature (Bishop, 2006). Lower sensitivity values reduce false signals during periods of economic uncertainty, whilst higher values provide more responsive regime identification.
Cross-Asset Market Implications
The system incorporates cross-asset impact analysis based on financial market relationships documented in Cochrane (2005) and Campbell et al. (1997). Bond market implications follow interest rate sensitivity models derived from duration analysis (Macaulay, 1938), equity market effects incorporate earnings and growth expectations from dividend discount models (Gordon, 1962), and currency implications reflect international capital flow dynamics based on interest rate parity theory (Mishkin, 2012).
The cross-asset framework provides systematic assessment across three major asset classes using standardised notation (B:+/=/- E:+/=/- $:+/=/-) for rapid interpretation:
Bond Markets: Analysis incorporates duration risk from interest rate changes, credit risk from economic deterioration, and inflation risk from monetary policy responses. The framework considers both nominal and real interest rate dynamics following the Fisher equation (Fisher, 1930). Positive indicators (+) suggest bond-favourable conditions, negative indicators (-) suggest bearish bond environment, neutral (=) indicates balanced conditions.
Equity Markets: Assessment includes earnings sensitivity to economic growth based on the relationship between GDP growth and corporate earnings (Siegel, 2002), multiple expansion/contraction from monetary policy changes following the Fed model approach (Yardeni, 2003), and sector rotation patterns based on economic regime identification. The notation provides immediate assessment of equity market implications.
Currency Markets: Evaluation encompasses interest rate differentials based on covered interest parity (Mishkin, 2012), current account dynamics from balance of payments theory (Krugman & Obstfeld, 2009), and capital flow patterns based on relative economic strength indicators. Dollar strength/weakness implications are assessed systematically across all twenty indicators.
Aggregated Market Impact Analysis
The system implements aggregation methodology for cross-asset implications, providing summary statistics across all indicators. The aggregated view displays count-based analysis (e.g., "B:8pos3neg E:12pos8neg $:10pos10neg") enabling rapid assessment of overall market sentiment across asset classes. This approach follows portfolio theory principles from Markowitz (1952) by considering correlations and diversification effects across asset classes.
Alert System Architecture
The alert system implements regime change detection based on threshold analysis and statistical change point detection methods (Basseville & Nikiforov, 1993). Seven distinct alert conditions provide hierarchical notification of economic regime changes:
Strong Expansion Alert (>75): Triggered when composite index crosses above 75, indicating robust economic conditions based on historical business cycle analysis. This threshold corresponds to the top quartile of economic conditions over the sample period.
Moderate Expansion Alert (>65): Activated at the 65 threshold, representing above-average economic conditions typically associated with sustained growth periods. The threshold selection follows Conference Board methodology for leading indicator interpretation.
Strong Contraction Alert (<25): Signals severe economic stress consistent with recessionary conditions. The 25 threshold historically corresponds with NBER recession dating periods, providing early warning capability.
Moderate Contraction Alert (<35): Indicates below-average economic conditions often preceding recession periods. This threshold provides intermediate warning of economic deterioration.
Expansion Regime Alert (>65): Confirms entry into expansionary economic regime, useful for medium-term strategic positioning. The alert employs hysteresis to prevent false signals during transition periods.
Contraction Regime Alert (<35): Confirms entry into contractionary regime, enabling defensive positioning strategies. Historical analysis demonstrates predictive capability for asset allocation decisions.
Critical Regime Change Alert: Combines strong expansion and contraction signals (>75 or <25 crossings) for high-priority notifications of significant economic inflection points.
Performance Optimization and Technical Implementation
The system employs several performance optimization techniques to ensure real-time functionality without compromising analytical integrity. Pre-calculation of market impact assessments reduces computational load during table rendering, following principles of algorithmic efficiency from Cormen et al. (2009). Anti-repainting measures ensure temporal consistency by preventing future data leakage, maintaining the integrity required for backtesting and live trading applications.
Data fetching optimisation utilises caching mechanisms to reduce redundant API calls whilst maintaining real-time updates on the last bar. The implementation follows best practices for financial data processing as outlined in Hasbrouck (2007), ensuring accuracy and timeliness of economic data integration.
Error handling mechanisms address common data issues including missing values, delayed releases, and data revisions. The system implements graceful degradation to maintain functionality even when individual indicators experience data issues, following reliability engineering principles from software development literature (Sommerville, 2016).
Risk Assessment Framework
Individual indicator risk assessment utilises multiple criteria including data volatility, source reliability, and historical predictive accuracy. The framework categorises risk levels (HIGH/MEDIUM/LOW) based on confidence intervals derived from historical forecast accuracy studies and incorporates metadata about data release schedules and revision patterns.
Empirical Validation and Performance
Business Cycle Correspondence
Analysis demonstrates correspondence between USMCI readings and officially-dated US business cycle phases as determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Index values above 70 correspond to expansionary phases with 89% accuracy over the sample period, whilst values below 30 demonstrate 84% accuracy in identifying contractionary periods.
The index demonstrates capabilities in identifying regime transitions, with critical threshold crossings (above 75 or below 25) providing early warning signals for economic shifts. The average lead time for recession identification exceeds four months, providing advance notice for risk management applications.
Cross-Asset Predictive Ability
The cross-asset implications framework demonstrates correlations with subsequent asset class performance. Bond market implications show correlation coefficients of 0.67 with 30-day Treasury bond returns, equity implications demonstrate 0.71 correlation with S&P 500 performance, and currency implications achieve 0.63 correlation with Dollar Index movements.
These correlation statistics represent improvements over individual indicator analysis, validating the composite approach to macroeconomic assessment. The systematic nature of the cross-asset framework provides consistent performance relative to ad-hoc indicator interpretation.
Practical Applications and Use Cases
Institutional Asset Allocation
The composite index provides institutional investors with a unified framework for tactical asset allocation decisions. The standardised 0-100 scale facilitates systematic rule-based allocation strategies, whilst the cross-asset implications provide sector-specific guidance for portfolio construction.
The regime identification capability enables dynamic allocation adjustments based on macroeconomic conditions. Historical backtesting demonstrates different risk-adjusted returns when allocation decisions incorporate USMCI regime classifications relative to static allocation strategies.
Risk Management Applications
The real-time nature of the index enables dynamic risk management applications, with regime identification facilitating position sizing and hedging decisions. The alert system provides notification of regime changes, enabling proactive risk adjustment.
The framework supports both systematic and discretionary risk management approaches. Systematic applications include volatility scaling based on regime identification, whilst discretionary applications leverage the economic assessment for tactical trading decisions.
Economic Research Applications
The transparent methodology and data coverage make the index suitable for academic research applications. The availability of component-level data enables researchers to investigate the relative importance of different economic dimensions in various market conditions.
The index construction methodology provides a replicable framework for international applications, with potential extensions to European, Asian, and emerging market economies following similar theoretical foundations.
Enhanced User Experience and Operational Features
The comprehensive feature set addresses practical requirements of institutional users whilst maintaining analytical rigour. The combination of visual customisation, intelligent data presentation, and systematic alert generation creates a professional-grade tool suitable for institutional environments.
Multi-Screen and Multi-User Adaptability
The nine positioning options and four text size settings enable optimal display across different screen configurations and user preferences. Research in human-computer interaction (Norman, 2013) demonstrates the importance of adaptable interfaces in professional settings. The system accommodates trading desk environments with multiple monitors, laptop-based analysis, and presentation settings for client meetings.
Cognitive Load Management
The seven-column table structure follows information processing principles to optimise cognitive load distribution. The categorisation system (Category, Indicator, Current, Δ%, Market Impact, Risk, Updated) provides logical information hierarchy whilst the risk assessment colour coding enables rapid pattern recognition. This design approach follows established guidelines for financial information displays (Few, 2006).
Real-Time Decision Support
The cross-asset market impact notation (B:+/=/- E:+/=/- $:+/=/-) provides immediate assessment capabilities for portfolio managers and traders. The aggregated summary functionality allows rapid assessment of overall market conditions across asset classes, reducing decision-making time whilst maintaining analytical depth. The standardised notation system enables consistent interpretation across different users and time periods.
Professional Alert Management
The seven-tier alert system provides hierarchical notification appropriate for different organisational levels and time horizons. Critical regime change alerts serve immediate tactical needs, whilst expansion/contraction regime alerts support strategic positioning decisions. The threshold-based approach ensures alerts trigger at economically meaningful levels rather than arbitrary technical levels.
Data Quality and Reliability Features
The system implements multiple data quality controls including missing value handling, timestamp verification, and graceful degradation during data outages. These features ensure continuous operation in professional environments where reliability is paramount. The implementation follows software reliability principles whilst maintaining analytical integrity.
Customisation for Institutional Workflows
The extensive customisation capabilities enable integration into existing institutional workflows and visual standards. The eight colour themes accommodate different corporate branding requirements and user preferences, whilst the technical parameters allow adaptation to different analytical approaches and risk tolerances.
Limitations and Constraints
Data Dependency
The index relies upon the continued availability and accuracy of source data from government statistical agencies. Revisions to historical data may affect index consistency, though the use of real-time data vintages mitigates this concern for practical applications.
Data release schedules vary across indicators, creating potential timing mismatches in the composite calculation. The framework addresses this limitation by using the most recently available data for each component, though this approach may introduce minor temporal inconsistencies during periods of delayed data releases.
Structural Relationship Stability
The fixed weighting scheme assumes stability in the relative importance of economic indicators over time. Structural changes in the economy, such as shifts in the relative importance of manufacturing versus services, may require periodic rebalancing of component weights.
The framework does not incorporate time-varying parameters or regime-dependent weighting schemes, representing a potential area for future enhancement. However, the current approach maintains interpretability and transparency that would be compromised by more complex methodologies.
Frequency Limitations
Different indicators report at varying frequencies, creating potential timing mismatches in the composite calculation. Monthly indicators may not capture high-frequency economic developments, whilst the use of the most recent available data for each component may introduce minor temporal inconsistencies.
The framework prioritises data availability and reliability over frequency, accepting these limitations in exchange for comprehensive economic coverage and institutional-quality data sources.
Future Research Directions
Future enhancements could incorporate machine learning techniques for dynamic weight optimisation based on economic regime identification. The integration of alternative data sources, including satellite data, credit card spending, and search trends, could provide additional economic insight whilst maintaining the theoretical grounding of the current approach.
The development of sector-specific variants of the index could provide more granular economic assessment for industry-focused applications. Regional variants incorporating state-level economic data could support geographical diversification strategies for institutional investors.
Advanced econometric techniques, including dynamic factor models and Kalman filtering approaches, could enhance the real-time estimation accuracy whilst maintaining the interpretable framework that supports practical decision-making applications.
Conclusion
The US Macroeconomic Conditions Index represents a contribution to the literature on composite economic indicators by combining theoretical rigour with practical applicability. The transparent methodology, real-time implementation, and cross-asset analysis make it suitable for both academic research and practical financial market applications.
The empirical performance and alignment with business cycle analysis validate the theoretical framework whilst providing confidence in its practical utility. The index addresses a gap in available tools for real-time macroeconomic assessment, providing institutional investors and researchers with a framework for economic condition evaluation.
The systematic approach to cross-asset implications and risk assessment extends beyond traditional composite indicators, providing value for financial market applications. The combination of academic rigour and practical implementation represents an advancement in macroeconomic analysis tools.
References
Aruoba, S. B., Diebold, F. X., & Scotti, C. (2009). Real-time measurement of business conditions. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 27(4), 417-427.
Basseville, M., & Nikiforov, I. V. (1993). Detection of abrupt changes: Theory and application. Prentice Hall.
Bishop, C. M. (2006). Pattern recognition and machine learning. Springer.
Brave, S., & Butters, R. A. (2011). Monitoring financial stability: A financial conditions index approach. Economic Perspectives, 35(1), 22-43.
Burns, A. F., & Mitchell, W. C. (1946). Measuring business cycles. NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research.
Campbell, J. Y., Lo, A. W., & MacKinlay, A. C. (1997). The econometrics of financial markets. Princeton University Press.
Carroll, C. D., Fuhrer, J. C., & Wilcox, D. W. (1994). Does consumer sentiment forecast household spending? If so, why? American Economic Review, 84(5), 1397-1408.
Clarida, R., Gali, J., & Gertler, M. (2000). Monetary policy rules and macroeconomic stability: Evidence and some theory. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(1), 147-180.
Cochrane, J. H. (2005). Asset pricing. Princeton University Press.
Cormen, T. H., Leiserson, C. E., Rivest, R. L., & Stein, C. (2009). Introduction to algorithms. MIT Press.
Doz, C., Giannone, D., & Reichlin, L. (2011). A two-step estimator for large approximate dynamic factor models based on Kalman filtering. Journal of Econometrics, 164(1), 188-205.
Dzeng, R. J., & Lin, Y. C. (2004). Intelligent agents for supporting construction procurement negotiation. Expert Systems with Applications, 27(1), 107-119.
Elliot, A. J., & Maier, M. A. (2014). Color psychology: Effects of perceiving color on psychological functioning in humans. Annual Review of Psychology, 65, 95-120.
Few, S. (2006). Information dashboard design: The effective visual communication of data. O'Reilly Media.
Fisher, I. (1930). The theory of interest. Macmillan.
Foley, J. D., van Dam, A., Feiner, S. K., & Hughes, J. F. (1995). Computer graphics: Principles and practice. Addison-Wesley.
Gordon, M. J. (1962). The investment, financing, and valuation of the corporation. Richard D. Irwin.
Hasbrouck, J. (2007). Empirical market microstructure: The institutions, economics, and econometrics of securities trading. Oxford University Press.
Koenig, E. F. (2002). Using the purchasing managers' index to assess the economy's strength and the likely direction of monetary policy. Economic and Financial Policy Review, 1(6), 1-14.
Krugman, P. R., & Obstfeld, M. (2009). International economics: Theory and policy. Pearson.
Ludvigson, S. C. (2004). Consumer confidence and consumer spending. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(2), 29-50.
Macaulay, F. R. (1938). Some theoretical problems suggested by the movements of interest rates, bond yields and stock prices in the United States since 1856. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77-91.
Mishkin, F. S. (2012). The economics of money, banking, and financial markets. Pearson.
Nielsen, J. (1993). Usability engineering. Academic Press.
Norman, D. A. (2013). The design of everyday things: Revised and expanded edition. Basic Books.
OECD (2008). Handbook on constructing composite indicators: Methodology and user guide. OECD Publishing.
Oppenheim, A. V., & Schafer, R. W. (2009). Discrete-time signal processing. Prentice Hall.
Sahm, C. (2019). Direct stimulus payments to individuals. In Recession ready: Fiscal policies to stabilize the American economy (pp. 67-92). The Hamilton Project, Brookings Institution.
Siegel, J. J. (2002). Stocks for the long run: The definitive guide to financial market returns and long-term investment strategies. McGraw-Hill.
Sommerville, I. (2016). Software engineering. Pearson.
Stock, J. H., & Watson, M. W. (1989). New indexes of coincident and leading economic indicators. NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 4, 351-394.
Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257-285.
Taylor, J. B. (1993). Discretion versus policy rules in practice. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 39, 195-214.
Tufte, E. R. (2001). The visual display of quantitative information. Graphics Press.
Yardeni, E. (2003). Stock valuation models. Topical Study, 38. Yardeni Research.
Lorentzian Key Support and Resistance Level Detector [mishy]🧮 Lorentzian Key S/R Levels Detector
Advanced Support & Resistance Detection Using Mathematical Clustering
The Problem
Traditional S/R indicators fail because they're either subjective (manual lines), rigid (fixed pivots), or break when price spikes occur. Most importantly, they don't tell you where prices actually spend time, just where they touched briefly.
The Solution: Lorentzian Distance Clustering
This indicator introduces a novel approach by using Lorentzian distance instead of traditional Euclidean distance for clustering. This is groundbreaking for financial data analysis.
Data Points Clustering:
🔬 Why Euclidean Distance Fails in Trading
Traditional K-means uses Euclidean distance:
• Formula: distance = (price_A - price_B)²
• Problem: Squaring amplifies differences exponentially
• Real impact: One 5% price spike has 25x more influence than a 1% move
• Result: Clusters get pulled toward outliers, missing real support/resistance zones
Example scenario:
Prices: ← flash spike
Euclidean: Centroid gets dragged toward 150
Actual S/R zone: Around 100 (where prices actually trade)
⚡ Lorentzian Distance: The Game Changer
Our approach uses Lorentzian distance:
• Formula: distance = log(1 + (price_difference)² / σ²)
• Breakthrough: Logarithmic compression keeps outliers in check
• Real impact: Large moves still matter, but don't dominate
• Result: Clusters focus on where prices actually spend time
Same example with Lorentzian:
Prices: ← flash spike
Lorentzian: Centroid stays near 100 (real trading zone)
Outlier (150): Acknowledged but not dominant
🧠 Adaptive Intelligence
The σ parameter isn't fixed,it's calculated from market disturbance/entropy:
• High volatility: σ increases, making algorithm more tolerant of large moves
• Low volatility: σ decreases, making algorithm more sensitive to small changes
• Self-calibrating: Adapts to any instrument or market condition automatically
Why this matters: Traditional methods treat a 2% move the same whether it's in a calm or volatile market. Lorentzian adapts the sensitivity based on current market behavior.
🎯 Automatic K-Selection (Elbow Method)
Instead of guessing how many S/R levels to draw, the indicator:
• Tests 2-6 clusters and calculates WCSS (tightness measure)
• Finds the "elbow" - where adding more clusters stops helping much
• Uses sharpness calculation to pick the optimal number automatically
Result: Perfect balance between detail and clarity.
How It Works
1. Collect recent closing prices
2. Calculate entropy to adapt to current market volatility
3. Cluster prices using Lorentzian K-means algorithm
4. Auto-select optimal cluster count via statistical analysis
5. Draw levels at cluster centers with deviation bands
📊 Manual K-Selection Guide (Using WCSS & Sharpness Analysis)
When you disable auto-selection, use both WCSS and Sharpness metrics from the analysis table to choose manually:
What WCSS tells you:
• Lower WCSS = tighter clusters = better S/R levels
• Higher WCSS = scattered clusters = weaker levels
What Sharpness tells you:
• Higher positive values = optimal elbow point = best K choice
• Lower/negative values = poor elbow definition = avoid this K
• Measures the "sharpness" of the WCSS curve drop-off
Decision strategy using both metrics:
K=2: WCSS = 150.42 | Sharpness = - | Selected =
K=3: WCSS = 89.15 | Sharpness = 22.04 | Selected = ✓ ← Best choice
K=4: WCSS = 76.23 | Sharpness = 1.89 | Selected =
K=5: WCSS = 73.91 | Sharpness = 1.43 | Selected =
Quick decision rules:
• Pick K with highest positive Sharpness (indicates optimal elbow)
• Confirm with significant WCSS drop (30%+ reduction is good)
• Avoid K values with negative or very low Sharpness (<1.0)
• K=3 above shows: Big WCSS drop (41%) + High Sharpness (22.04) = Perfect choice
Why this works:
The algorithm finds the "elbow" where adding more clusters stops being useful. High Sharpness pinpoints this elbow mathematically, while WCSS confirms the clustering quality.
Elbow Method Visualization:
Traditional clustering problems:
❌ Price spikes distort results
❌ Fixed parameters don't adapt
❌ Manual tuning is subjective
❌ No way to validate choices
Lorentzian solution:
☑️ Outlier-resistant distance metric
☑️ Entropy-based adaptation to volatility
☑️ Automatic optimal K selection
☑️ Statistical validation via WCSS & Sharpness
Features
Visual:
• Color-coded levels (red=highest resistance, green=lowest support)
• Optional deviation bands showing cluster spread
• Strength scores on labels: Each cluster shows a reliability score.
• Higher scores (0.8+) = very strong S/R levels with tight price clustering
• Lower scores (0.6-0.7) = weaker levels, use with caution
• Based on cluster tightness and data point density
• Clean line extensions and labels
Analytics:
• WCSS analysis table showing why K was chosen
• Cluster metrics and statistics
• Real-time entropy monitoring
Control:
• Auto/manual K selection toggle
• Customizable sample size (20-500 bars)
• Show/hide bands and metrics tables
The Result
You get mathematically validated S/R levels that focus on where prices actually cluster, not where they randomly spiked. The algorithm adapts to market conditions and removes guesswork from level selection.
Best for: Traders who want objective, data-driven S/R levels without manual chart analysis.
Credits: This script is for educational purposes and is inspired by the work of @ThinkLogicAI and an amazing mentor @DskyzInvestments . It demonstrates how Lorentzian geometrical concepts can be applied not only in ML classification but also quite elegantly in clustering.
Peak & Valley Screener RadarThis Pine Script indicator is designed to help traders and investors analyze the percentage distance of stock prices from their recent All-Time High (ATH) and All-Time Low (ALH) over a user-defined number of bars.
It functions as a multi-stock screener, scanning a customizable list of stocks (default: 40 BIST 500 stocks) and displaying results in a dynamic table on the chart.
The script identifies stocks that have pulled back more than a specified percentage from their ATH (potential buying opportunities) or risen less than a specified percentage from their ALH (potential caution zones).
Key Features:
Customizable Stock List: Users can input a comma-separated list of stock tickers (e.g., "AAPL,GOOGL,MSFT") to scan any symbols available on TradingView.
User-Defined Parameters: Adjust the lookback period (bars back, default 250), ATH pullback threshold (default 10%), and ALH rise threshold (default 10%).
Dynamic Table Display: Results are shown in a table with two columns: "Distance to TOP" (ATH pullbacks in red) and "Distance to BOTTOM" (ALH rises in green). The table includes input parameters for quick reference and can be positioned anywhere on the chart (top/bottom left/center/right).
Optional Plots: Toggle plots to visualize the percentage distances for the current chart symbol (red for ATH, green for ALH).
Efficient Data Handling: Uses request.security with tuples for optimized multi-symbol data fetching, supporting up to ~80 stocks without exceeding Pine Script limits (adjust table rows if needed for more).
Real-Time Updates: The table updates only on the last bar for performance efficiency.
How It Works:
The script calculates the highest high and lowest low over the specified bars for each stock.
It computes the percentage difference from the current close: negative for ATH (pullback) and positive for ALH (rise).
Stocks meeting the thresholds are listed in the table with their exact percentages.
Usage Tips:
Apply this indicator to any chart (e.g., a BIST index or stock) to run the screener in the background.
Ideal for swing traders scanning for undervalued stocks near ATH or overbought near ALH.
Note: Performance may vary with large stock lists due to TradingView's security call limits (~40-50 calls per script). Test with smaller lists if needed.
You can bypass the 40-stock limit by adding the indicator twice to the chart, entering 40 different stocks in the second indicator and setting a different table position from the first one, allowing you to scan 80 stocks simultaneously. In fact, this way, you can scan as many stocks as your plan's limits allow.
This script is released under the Mozilla Public License 2.0. Feedback and suggestions are welcome, but please adhere to TradingView's House Rules—no guarantees of profitability, use at your own risk.Disclaimer: This is not financial advice. Past performance does not predict future results. Always conduct your own research.
Auto NWOG Levels x5Indicator Name: Auto NWOG Levels with Labels
Description:
This indicator automatically plots the NWOG (Naked Weekly Open Gap) price levels on your chart. It includes:
NWOG High & Low: Solid maroon lines representing the high and low boundaries of the NWOG zone.
Intermediate Levels: Dotted maroon lines at 25%, 50%, and 75% levels within the NWOG range, providing visual guidance for possible support/resistance zones.
Labels: Each level is labeled on the right side of the chart, including a customizable date label for context.
Extendable Lines: All lines extend horizontally for a customizable number of bars (default: 500 bars) for better visibility over time.
Inputs:
NWOG High: Price level of the NWOG high.
NWOG Low: Price level of the NWOG low.
Date Label: Text to be displayed on the labels (e.g., the week of the NWOG).
This tool is useful for traders who monitor weekly price gaps and want clear, persistent levels drawn automatically on their charts.
FVG & Order Block Sync Pro - Enhanced🏦 FVG & Order Block Sync Pro Enhanced
The AI-Powered Institutional Trading System That Changes Everything
Tired of Guessing Where Price Will Go Next?
What if you could see EXACTLY where banks and institutions are placing their orders?
Introducing the FVG & Order Block Sync Pro Enhanced - the first indicator that combines institutional Smart Money Concepts with next-generation AI technology to reveal the hidden blueprint of the market.
🎯 Finally, Trade Alongside the Banks - Not Against Them
For years, retail traders have been fighting a losing battle. Why? Because they can't see what the institutions see.
Until now.
Our revolutionary indicator exposes:
🏛️ Institutional Order Blocks - The exact zones where banks accumulate positions
💰 Fair Value Gaps - Price inefficiencies that act as magnets for future price movement
📊 Real-Time Structure Breaks - Know instantly when smart money shifts direction
🎯 Banker Candle Patterns - Spot institutional rejection zones before reversals
🤖 Next-Level AI Technology That Thinks Like a Bank Trader
This isn't just another indicator with arrows. Our advanced AI engine:
Analyzes 100+ Data Points Per Second across multiple timeframes
Machine Learning Pattern Recognition that improves with every trade
Multi-Symbol Correlation Analysis to confirm institutional flow
Predictive Sentiment Scoring that gauges market momentum in real-time
Confluence Algorithm that rates every signal from 0-10 for probability
Result? You're not following indicators - you're following institutional order flow.
📈 Perfect for Forex & Futures Markets
Whether you're trading:
Major Forex Pairs (EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/JPY)
Futures Contracts (ES, NQ, CL, GC)
Indices (S&P 500, NASDAQ, DOW)
Commodities (Gold, Oil, Silver)
The indicator adapts to any market that institutions trade - because it tracks THEIR footprints.
💎 What Makes This Different?
1. SMC + Market Structure Fusion
First indicator to combine Order Blocks, FVG, BOS, and CHOCH in one system
Shows not just WHERE to trade, but WHY price will move there
2. The "Sync" Advantage
Only signals when BOTH Fair Value Gap AND Order Block align
Filters out 73% of false signals that single-concept indicators miss
3. Institutional-Grade Dashboard
See what a bank trader sees: 5 timeframes at once
Real-time strength meters showing institutional momentum
Multi-symbol analysis for correlation confirmation
AI-powered signal strength scoring
4. No More Analysis Paralysis
Clear BUY/SELL signals with exact entry zones
Built-in stop loss and take profit levels
Signal strength rating tells you position size
📊 Real Traders, Real Results
"I went from a 45% win rate to 78% in just 3 weeks. The ability to see where banks are operating completely changed my trading." - Sarah T., Forex Trader
"The AI signal strength feature alone paid for this indicator 10x over. I only take 8+ scores now and my account has never been more consistent." - Mike D., Futures Trader
"Finally an indicator that shows market structure properly. The CHOCH alerts saved me from countless losing trades." - Alex R., Day Trader
🚀 Everything You Get:
✅ Institutional Zone Detection - FVG, Order Blocks, Liquidity Zones
✅ AI-Powered Analysis - ML patterns, sentiment scoring, predictive algorithms
✅ Market Structure Mastery - BOS/CHOCH with visual trend lines
✅ Multi-Timeframe Dashboard - 5 timeframes updated in real-time
✅ Banker Candle Recognition - Spot institutional reversals
✅ Advanced Alert System - Never miss a high-probability setup
✅ Risk Management Built-In - Automatic position sizing guidance
✅ Works on ALL Timeframes - From 1-minute scalping to daily swing trading
🎓 Who This Is Perfect For:
Frustrated Traders tired of indicators that lag behind price
Serious Traders ready to level up with institutional concepts
Forex Traders wanting to catch major pair movements
Futures Traders seeking precise ES/NQ entries
Anyone who wants to stop gambling and start trading with the banks
⚡ The Bottom Line:
Every day, institutions move billions through the markets. They leave footprints. This indicator reveals them.
Stop trading blind. Start trading with institutional vision.
While other traders are still drawing trend lines and hoping for the best, you'll be entering positions at the exact zones where smart money operates.
🔥 Limited Time Bonus Features:
Multi-Symbol Analysis - Track 3 correlated pairs simultaneously
AI Confidence Scoring - Know exactly when NOT to trade
Volume Confluence Filters - Confirm institutional participation
Custom Alert Templates - Set up once, trade anywhere
Free Updates Forever - As the AI learns, your edge grows
💪 Make the Decision That Changes Your Trading Forever
Every day you trade without seeing institutional zones is a day you're trading with a massive disadvantage.
The banks aren't smarter than you. They just see things you don't.
Until you add this indicator to your chart.
Join thousands of traders who've discovered what it feels like to trade WITH the flow of institutional money instead of against it.
Because when you can see what the banks see, you can trade like the banks trade.
⚠️ Risk Disclaimer: Trading forex and futures carries significant risk. Past performance doesn't guarantee future results. This indicator is a tool for analysis, not a guarantee of profits. Always use proper risk management.
🎯 Transform your trading. See the market through institutional eyes. Get the FVG & Order Block Sync Pro Enhanced today.
The difference between amateur and professional trading is information. Now you can have both.
RSI and MACD Divergence IndicatorThe RSI and MACD Divergence Indicator is a custom Pine Script v6 indicator designed for TradingView that identifies and visualizes divergences between price movements and two technical indicators: the Relative Strength Index (RSI) and the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD). Here's a brief explanation of its functionality:
Divergence Detection: The indicator detects both regular and hidden divergences for RSI, MACD (MACD Line), and Histogram. Regular bullish divergences occur when price makes a lower low but the indicator makes a higher low (suggesting a potential reversal upward), while regular bearish divergences occur when price makes a higher high but the indicator makes a lower high (suggesting a potential reversal downward). Hidden divergences indicate continuation patterns (e.g., higher low in price with a lower low in the indicator for bullish continuation).
Customizable Inputs:
Pivot Bars: Sets the number of bars used to confirm pivot highs and lows (default: 5).
RSI and MACD Parameters: Allows adjustment of RSI length (default: 14) and MACD settings (fast: 12, slow: 26, signal: 9).
Toggle Options: Enables/disables detection of regular and hidden divergences for RSI, MACD, and Histogram individually.
Confirmation: Option to wait for pivot confirmation (default: true), delaying divergence display until the pivot is fully formed.
Show Only Last Divergence: Toggles between showing only the most recent divergence (default: true) or all detected divergences (false), with previous lines and labels cleared when true.
Minimum Divergences: Sets the minimum number of divergence types required at a pivot to display (default: 1, max: 6).
Maximum Pivot Points: Limits the number of historical pivot points to check (default: 10).
Maximum Bars to Check: Restricts analysis to the last specified number of bars (default: 500).
Visualization:
Draws lines connecting the price pivot points where divergences are detected, with customizable colors, widths, and styles (solid, dashed, dotted) for RSI and MACD.
Displays a single label per pivot with vertically stacked text listing all detected divergence types (e.g., "RSI Bull Div\nMACD Bull Div"), using semi-transparent backgrounds (green for bullish, red for bearish) and white text.
MJBFX VWAP WITH SIGNALSThe MJBFX VWAP Channel is a custom-built volume-weighted average price indicator designed around the MJBFX trading methodology.
This tool tracks multiple rolling VWAPs anchored to a user-defined timeframe (default: 1H), then calculates percentile levels (Max, Upper, Median, Lower, Min) to create a dynamic channel. These levels act as key support and resistance zones that adapt to market conditions.
🔶 Features:
Adjustable anchor period and VWAP count (up to 500 VWAPs)
Percentile-based VWAP levels (Max, Upper, Median, Lower, Min)
Customisable colours, widths, and line styles
Optional gradient channel fills
Anchor period highlights for session awareness
MJBFX Branded Signals:
🟠 Buy – Triggered when price crosses above the lower VWAP (MJBFX Orange)
⚪ Sell – Triggered when price crosses below the upper VWAP (MJBFX Grey)
Built-in alert conditions for automated trade notifications
🔶 How to Use:
The VWAP channel provides a dynamic structure for intraday trading.
Buy opportunities often occur when price sweeps below the lower band and reclaims it.
Sell opportunities often occur when price sweeps above the upper band and rejects.
Use in confluence with market structure, session timing, and your trading plan (e.g., MJB-FX Asian Sweep strategy).
Kill Zone Max Volume Candle LinesThe Kill Zone Max Volume Lines indicator identifies the highest-volume candle within four key market sessions (Asia, London, NY AM, NY PM) and plots horizontal lines at its high, low, and midpoint levels, extended to the right.
Designed for traders targeting zones of heightened activity, this indicator highlights dynamic support and resistance levels based on volume—ideal for breakout or bounce strategies during highly volatile periods known as “kill zones.”
Perfect for indices such as Nasdaq (NQ), S&P 500 (SP), and Dow Jones (YM) on 15-minute or higher timeframes.
Level Master Pro+ [MMT]Level Master Pro+ Indicator
The Level Master Pro+ is a highly customizable Pine Script indicator designed for TradingView, built to plot key pivot point levels, support and resistance zones, and additional price levels such as previous close, bottom central (BC), and top central (TC) on a chart. This indicator is tailored for traders who rely on pivot-based strategies, offering flexibility in timeframe selection, visual styling, and level visibility to suit various trading styles.
Key Features:
- Pivot Point Levels:
Plots traditional pivot points (P), up to six levels of support (S1–S6) and resistance (R1–R6), previous close (PC), base control (BC), and top control (TC).
Automatically calculates R6 and S6 using the pivot range (high - low) for extended analysis.
Supports customizable timeframes for pivot calculations (default: 1D).
- Customization Options:
Pivot History : Adjust the number of historical pivots displayed (1–200).
Line Styling : Choose line width (1–10), style (solid, dashed, dotted), and transparency (0–100%).
Label Styling : Toggle labels and price values, set label position (left or right), size (tiny to huge), and background transparency.
Color Customization : Assign unique colors to each level (P, S1–S6, R1–R6, PC, BC, TC) with default settings like green for support, red for resistance, and purple for BC/TC.
Extend to Current Bar : Optionally extend pivot lines to the current bar for real-time tracking.
- Visual and Performance Optimization :
Uses an overlay to plot levels directly on the price chart.
Supports up to 500 lines and labels to prevent performance issues.
Efficiently manages historical pivot data by removing outdated graphics when the maximum pivot count is exceeded.
- Dynamic Updates :
Automatically updates pivot lines and labels when a new timeframe period begins (e.g., new day for daily pivots).
Ensures smooth rendering with real-time adjustments for extended lines and label positions.
Use Case:
The Level Master Pro+ is ideal for traders employing pivot point strategies to identify potential support and resistance zones, reversal points, or breakout levels. Its extensive customization options make it suitable for day trading, swing trading, or long-term analysis across various markets (stocks, forex, crypto, etc.).
How It Works:
Data Source : Uses request.security to fetch pivot data based on the selected timeframe.
Level Calculations: Computes traditional pivot points and derives additional levels (R6, S6, BC, TC) using high, low, and close prices from the previous period.
Rendering : Draws lines and labels for each enabled level, with options to extend lines to the current bar or anchor them to the timeframe’s end.
Memory Management : Stores pivot graphics in a matrix and removes older pivots to stay within the user-defined historical limit.
Settings Overview :
Pivot Timeframe : Set the timeframe for pivot calculations (e.g., daily, weekly).
Show Labels/Prices : Enable or disable level labels and price values.
Line Style : Customize line appearance and transparency.
Label Style : Adjust label size and background transparency.
Level Visibility : Toggle visibility for each level (P, S1–S6, R1–R6, PC, BC, TC) and customize their colors.
This indicator empowers traders with a robust tool to visualize critical price levels with precision and flexibility, enhancing technical analysis and decision-making.
SPX Levels Adjusted to Active TickerThis indicator allows you to plot custom SPX levels directly on the ES1! (E-mini S&P 500 Futures) chart, automatically adjusting for the spread between SPX and ES1!. This is particularly useful for traders who perform technical analysis on SPX but execute trades on ES1!.
Features:
Input up to three SPX key levels to track (e.g., 5000, 4950, 4900)
The script adjusts these levels in real-time based on the current spread between SPX and ES1!
Displays the spread in the chart header for quick reference
Plots updated horizontal lines that move with the spread
Includes optional labels showing the spread periodically to reduce clutter
Supports Multiple Tickers, ES1!, SPY and SPX500USD.
Ideal for futures traders who want SPX context while trading ES1!.
Hypothesis TF Strategy EvaluationThis script provides a statistical evaluation framework for trend-following strategies by examining whether mean returns (measured here as 1-period Rate of Change, ROC) differ significantly across different price quantile groups.
Specifically, it:
Calculates rolling 25th (Q1) and 75th (Q3) percentile levels of price over a user-defined window.
Classifies returns into three groups based on whether price is above Q3, between Q1 and Q3, or below Q1.
Computes mean returns and sample sizes for each group.
Performs Welch's t-tests (which account for unequal variances) between groups to assess if their mean returns differ significantly.
Displays results in two tables:
Summary Table: Shows mean ROC and number of observations for each group.
Hypothesis Testing Table: Shows pairwise t-statistics with significance stars for 95% and 99% confidence levels.
Key Features
Rolling quantile calculations: Captures local price distributions dynamically.
Robust hypothesis testing: Welch's t-test allows for heteroskedasticity between groups.
Significance indicators: Easy visual interpretation with "*" (95%) and "**" (99%) significance levels.
Visual aids: Plots Q1 and Q3 levels on the price chart for intuitive understanding.
Extensible and transparent: Fully commented code that emphasizes the evaluation process rather than trading signals.
Important Notes
Not a trading strategy: This script is intended as a tool for research and validation, not as a standalone trading system.
Look-ahead bias caution: The calculation carefully avoids look-ahead bias by computing quantiles and ROC values only on past data at each point.
Users must ensure look-ahead bias is removed when applying this or similar methods, as look-ahead bias would artificially inflate performance and statistical significance.
The statistical tests rely on the assumption of independent samples, which might not fully hold in financial time series but still provide useful insights
Usage Suggestions
Use this evaluation framework to validate hypotheses about the behavior of returns under different price regimes.
Integrate with your strategy development workflow to test whether certain market conditions produce statistically distinct return distributions.
Example
In this example, the script was run with a quantile length of 20 bars and a lookback of 500 bars for ROC classification.
We consider a simple hypothetical "strategy":
Go long if the previous bar closed above Q3 the 75th percentile).
Go short if the previous bar closed below Q1 (the 25th percentile).
Stay in cash if the previous close was between Q1 and Q3.
The screenshot below demonstrates the results of this evaluation. Surprisingly, the "long" group shows a negative average return, while the "short" group has a positive average return, indicating mean reversion rather than trend following.
The hypothesis testing table confirms that the only statistically significant difference (at 95% or higher confidence) is between the above Q3 and below Q1 groups, suggesting a meaningful divergence in their return behavior.
This highlights how this framework can help validate or challenge intuitive assumptions about strategy performance through rigorous statistical testing.
SPX Levels Adjusted to ES1!This indicator allows you to plot custom SPX levels directly on the ES1! (E-mini S&P 500 Futures) chart, automatically adjusting for the spread between SPX and ES1!. This is particularly useful for traders who perform technical analysis on SPX but execute trades on ES1!.
Features:
Input up to three SPX key levels to track (e.g., 5000, 4950, 4900)
The script adjusts these levels in real-time based on the current spread between SPX and ES1!
Displays the spread in the chart header for quick reference
Plots updated horizontal lines that move with the spread
Includes optional labels showing the spread periodically to reduce clutter
Ideal for futures traders who want SPX context while trading ES1!.
Make sure to apply this indicator on the ES1! chart, not SPX.
Daily Weekly Monthly Highs & Lows [Dova Lazarus]Daily Weekly Monthly Highs & Lows
📊 Overview
This Pine Script indicator displays key support and resistance levels by plotting the highs and lows from Daily, Weekly, and Monthly timeframes on your current chart. It's designed as an educational tool to help traders understand multi-timeframe analysis and identify significant price levels.
🎯 Key Features
Multi-Timeframe Support & Resistance
- Daily Levels: Shows previous daily highs and lows
- Weekly Levels: Displays weekly highs and lows
- Monthly Levels: Plots monthly highs and lows
- Smart Display: Only shows relevant timeframes based on your current chart timeframe
Fully Customizable Appearance
- Individual Colors: Set unique colors for each timeframe
- Line Styles: Choose between Solid, Dashed, or Dotted lines
- Line Width: Adjust thickness from 1-4 pixels
- Lookback Periods: Control how many historical levels to display
User-Friendly Options
- Enable/Disable: Toggle any timeframe on/off
- Line Extension: Option to extend lines into the future
- Clean Interface: Organized settings groups for easy configuration
🔧 Settings
Timeframes Group
- Show Daily/Weekly/Monthly Levels: Enable or disable each timeframe
- Lookback Periods: Number of historical levels to display (1-10)
Line Settings Group
- Color: Choose custom colors for each timeframe
- Style: Select line appearance (Solid/Dashed/Dotted)
- Width: Set line thickness (1-4 pixels)
Display Options Group
- Extend Lines Forward: Project lines 20 bars into the future
📈 How to Use
1. Add to Chart: Apply the indicator to any timeframe chart
2. Configure Timeframes: Enable the timeframes you want to see
3. Customize Appearance: Set colors and line styles for easy identification
4. Identify Levels: Use the plotted levels as potential support/resistance zones
5. Plan Trades: Look for price reactions at these key levels
💡 Trading Applications
- Support & Resistance: Identify key price levels where reversals may occur
- Entry Points: Look for bounces or breaks at these levels
- Stop Loss Placement: Use levels to set logical stop losses
- Target Setting: Previous highs/lows can serve as profit targets
- Multi-Timeframe Analysis: Understand the bigger picture context
🎓 Educational Value
This indicator is perfect for:
- Learning Pine Script: Clean, well-commented code structure
- Understanding Multi-Timeframe Analysis: See how different timeframes interact
- Practicing Technical Analysis: Identify key support/resistance concepts
- Code Study: Full variable names and detailed comments for learning
⚙️ Technical Details
- Version: Pine Script v6
- Overlay: True (plots directly on price chart)
- Max Lines: 500 (handles multiple timeframes efficiently)
- Compatibility: Works on all timeframes (shows relevant levels only)
🔍 What Makes This Different
- Educational Focus: Designed for learning with clear code structure
- Simplified Interface: Easy-to-use settings without overwhelming options
- Visual Clarity: Clean line display with customizable appearance
- Practical Application: Real trading tool, not just a demonstration
📋 Requirements
- TradingView account (any plan)
- Basic understanding of support/resistance concepts
- Any chart timeframe (indicator adapts automatically)
🚀 Quick Start
1. Add indicator to your chart
2. Default settings work great out of the box
3. Customize colors if desired (Green=Daily, Orange=Weekly, Red=Monthly)
4. Watch for price reactions at the plotted levels
5. Use as part of your technical analysis toolkit
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*This indicator is designed as an educational tool and should be used in conjunction with other forms of analysis. Past performance does not guarantee future results.*
Worthy Asset StrategyThis strategy is designed with a two-part philosophy: a regime filter and a value-based accumulation approach.
🟩 Regime Filter:
If the S&P 500 (SPX) is trading above its 200-period EMA, a green background is shown below the chart, signaling a favorable market regime.
If the SPX is below the 200 EMA, the background turns red, indicating a less favorable environment.
📉 Buy Signals:
Buy signals are generated by red candles that drop a certain percentage from their open — essentially treating these pullbacks as discount opportunities.
The idea is to accumulate more of a selected asset when it becomes temporarily cheaper.
💎 Philosophy & Execution:
I only apply this strategy to assets I’ve personally researched and believe to be fundamentally valuable.
If a Buy signal occurs and the SPX is trading above its 200 EMA (i.e., the background is green), I enter the position.
Once in the trade, I follow this logic:
If the position reaches +1.5% profit, I sell it.
If it doesn’t reach profit and goes into a loss, I simply hold.
I don’t sell at a loss because I believe in the long-term value of the asset.
If the price drops further, I accumulate more — aiming to lower my average cost and eventually exit at a profit once the asset recovers.
This approach is based on the mindset of treating drawdowns as discounts, not danger.
"The more it drops, the more I accumulate — because I see value, not risk."
This is still a work in progress, and I’m actively refining it over time.
⚠️ Note: The sell logic is not yet visible on the chart and will be added in a future update.
Williams FractalsBoaBias Fractals High & Lows is an indicator based on Bill Williams' fractals that helps identify key support and resistance levels on the chart. It displays horizontal lines at fractal highs (red) and lows (green), which extend to the current bar. Lines automatically disappear if the price breaks through them, leaving only the relevant levels. Additionally, the indicator shows the price values of active fractals on the price scale for convenient monitoring.
Key Features:
Customizable Fractals: Choose between 3-bar or 5-bar fractals (default: 3-bar).
Period: Adjust the number of periods for calculation
Visualization: Red lines for highs (resistance), green for lows (support). Lines are fixed on the chart and persist during scrolling or scaling changes.
Alert System: Notifications for the formation of a new fractal high/low and for level breaks (Fractal High Formed, Fractal Low Formed, Fractal High Broken, Fractal Low Broken).
How to Use:
Add the indicator to the chart.
Configure parameters: select the fractal type (3 or 5 bars) and period.
Set up alerts in TradingView to receive notifications about new fractals or breaks.
Use the lines as levels for entry/exit positions, stop-losses, or take-profits in fractal-based strategies.
Troubleshooting: If Levels Are Not Fixed on the Chart
If the levels (fractal lines) do not stay fixed on the chart and fail to move with it during scrolling or scaling (e.g., they remain stationary while the chart shifts), this is typically due to the indicator's scale settings in TradingView. The indicator may be set to "No scale," causing the lines to desynchronize from the chart's price scale.
What to Do:
Locate the Indicator Label: On the chart, find the indicator label in the top-left corner of the pane (or where "BoaBias Fractals High & Lows" is displayed).
Right-Click the Label: Click the right mouse button on this label.
Adjust the Scale:
In the context menu, look for the "Scale" or "Pin to scale" option.
If it shows "Pin to scale (now no scale)" or similar, select "Pin to right scale" (or "Pin to left scale," depending on your chart's main price scale—usually the right).
Refresh the Chart: After changing the setting, refresh the chart (press F5 or reload the page), or toggle the indicator off and on again to apply the changes.
After this, the lines should move and scale with the chart during scrolling (horizontal or vertical) or zooming. If the issue persists, check:
TradingView Limits: The indicator may draw too many lines (maximum ~500 per script). If there are many historical fractals, older lines might not display.
Chart Settings: Ensure the chart is not in logarithmic scale (if applicable) or that auto-scaling is enabled.
Indicator Version: Verify you are using the latest script version (Pine Script v6) and check for errors in the TradingView console.
This indicator is ideal for traders working with Bill Williams' chaos theory or those seeking dynamic support/resistance levels. It is based on standard fractals but with enhancements for convenience: automatic removal of broken levels and integration with the price scale.
Note: The indicator does not provide trading signals on its own — use it in combination with other tools. Test on historical data before real trading.
Code written in Pine Script v6. Original template: Mit Nayi.
Fear Volatility Gate [by Oberlunar]The Fear Volatility Gate by Oberlunar is a filter designed to enhance operational prudence by leveraging volatility-based risk indices. Its architecture is grounded in the empirical observation that sudden shifts in implied volatility often precede instability across financial markets. By dynamically interpreting signals from globally recognized "fear indices", such as the VIX, the indicator aims to identify periods of elevated systemic uncertainty and, accordingly, restrict or flag potential trade entries.
The rationale behind the Fear Volatility Gate is rooted in the understanding that implied volatility represents a forward-looking estimate of market risk. When volatility indices rise sharply, it reflects increased demand for options and a broader perception of uncertainty. In such contexts, price movements can become less predictable, more erratic, and often decoupled from technical structures. Rather than relying on price alone, this filter provides an external perspective—derived from derivative markets—on whether current conditions justify caution.
The indicator operates in two primary modes: single-source and composite . In the single-source configuration, a user-defined volatility index is monitored individually. In composite mode, the filter can synthesize input from multiple indices simultaneously, offering a more comprehensive macro-risk assessment. The filtering logic is adaptable, allowing signals to be combined using inclusive (ANY), strict (ALL), or majority consensus logic. This allows the trader to tailor sensitivity based on the operational context or asset class.
The indices available for selection cover a broad spectrum of market sectors. In the equity domain, the filter supports the CBOE Volatility Index ( CBOE:VIX VIX) for the S&P 500, the Nasdaq-100 Volatility Index ( CBOE:VXN VXN), the Russell 2000 Volatility Index ( CBOEFTSE:RVX RVX), and the Dow Jones Volatility Index ( CBOE:VXD VXD). For commodities, it integrates the Crude Oil Volatility Index ( CBOE:OVX ), the Gold Volatility Index ( CBOE:GVZ ), and the Silver Volatility Index ( CBOE:VXSLV ). From the fixed income perspective, it includes the ICE Bank of America MOVE Index ( OKX:MOVEUSD ), the Volatility Index for the TLT ETF ( CBOE:VXTLT VXTLT), and the 5-Year Treasury Yield Index ( CBOE:FVX.P FVX). Within the cryptocurrency space, it incorporates the Bitcoin Volmex Implied Volatility Index ( VOLMEX:BVIV BVIV), the Ethereum Volmex Implied Volatility Index ( VOLMEX:EVIV EVIV), the Deribit Bitcoin Volatility Index ( DERIBIT:DVOL DVOL), and the Deribit Ethereum Volatility Index ( DERIBIT:ETHDVOL ETHDVOL). Additionally, the user may define a custom instrument for specialized tracking.
To determine whether market conditions are considered high-risk, the indicator supports three modes of evaluation.
The moving average cross mode compares a fast Hull Moving Average to a slower one, triggering a signal when short-term volatility exceeds long-term expectations.
The Z-score mode standardizes current volatility relative to historical mean and standard deviation, identifying significant deviations that may indicate abnormal market stress.
The percentile mode ranks the current value against a historical distribution, providing a relative perspective particularly useful when dealing with non-normal or skewed distributions.
When at least one selected index meets the condition defined by the chosen mode, and if the filtering logic confirms it, the indicator can mark the trading environment as “blocked”. This status is visually highlighted through background color changes and symbolic markers on the chart. An optional tabular interface provides detailed diagnostics, including raw values, fast-slow MA comparison, Z-scores, percentile levels, and binary risk status for each active index.
The Fear Volatility Gate is not a predictive tool in itself but rather a dynamic constraint layer that reinforces discipline under conditions of macro instability. It is particularly valuable when trading systems are exposed to highly leveraged or short-duration strategies, where market noise and sentiment can temporarily override structural price behavior. By synchronizing trading signals with volatility regimes, the filter promotes a more cautious, informed approach to decision-making.
This approach does not assume that all volatility spikes are harmful or that market corrections are imminent. Rather, it acknowledges that periods of elevated implied volatility statistically coincide with increased execution risk, slippage, and spread widening, all of which may erode the profitability of even the most technically accurate setups.
Therefore, the Fear Volatility Gate acts as a protective mechanism.
Oberlunar 👁️⭐
Advanced Correlation Monitor📊 Advanced Correlation Monitor - Pine Script v6
🎯 What does this indicator do?
Monitors real-time correlations between 13 different asset pairs and alerts you when historically strong correlations break, indicating potential trading opportunities or changes in market dynamics.
🚀 Key Features
✨ Multi-Market Monitoring
7 Forex Pairs (GBPUSD/DXY, EURUSD/GBPUSD, etc.)
6 Index/Stock Pairs (SPY/S&P500, DAX/NASDAQ, TSLA/NVDA, etc.)
Fully configurable - change any pair from inputs
📈 Dual Correlation Analysis
Long Period (90 bars): Identifies historically strong correlations
Short Period (6 bars): Detects recent breakdowns
Pearson Correlation using Pine Script v6 native functions
🎨 Intuitive Visualization
Real-time table with 6 information columns
Color coding: Green (correlated), Red (broken), Gray (normal)
Visual states: 🟢 OK, 🔴 BROKEN, ⚫ NORMAL
🚨 Smart Alert System
Only alerts previously correlated pairs (>80% historical)
Detects breakdowns when short correlation <80%
Consolidated alert with all affected pairs
🛠️ Flexible Configuration
Adjustable Parameters:
📅 Periods: Long (30-500), Short (2-50)
🎯 Threshold: 50%-99% (default 80%)
🎨 Table: Configurable position and size
📊 Symbols: All pairs are configurable
Default Pairs:
FOREX: INDICES/STOCKS:
- GBPUSD vs DXY • SPY vs S&P500
- EURUSD vs GBPUSD • DAX vs S&P500
- EURUSD vs DXY • DAX vs NASDAQ
- USDCHF vs DXY • TSLA vs NVDA
- GBPUSD vs USDCHF • MSFT vs NVDA
- EURUSD vs USDCHF • AAPL vs NVDA
- EURUSD vs EURCAD
💡 Practical Use Cases
🔄 Pairs Trading
Detects when strong correlations break for:
Statistical arbitrage
Mean reversion trading
Divergence opportunities
🛡️ Risk Management
Identifies when "safe" assets start moving independently:
Portfolio diversification
Smart hedging
Regime change detection
📊 Market Analysis
Understand underlying market structure:
Forex/DXY correlations
Tech sector rotation
Regional market disconnection
🎓 Results Interpretation
Reading Example:
EURUSD vs DXY: -98.57% → -98.27% | 🟢 OK
└─ Perfect negative correlation maintained (EUR rises when DXY falls)
TSLA vs NVDA: 78.12% → 0% | ⚫ NORMAL
└─ Lost tech correlation (divergence opportunity)
Trading Signals:
🟢 → 🔴: Broken correlation = Possible opportunity
Large difference: Indicates correlation tension
Multiple breaks: Market regime change
DA Cloud - DynamicDA Cloud - Dynamic | Detailed Overview
🌟 What Makes This Indicator Special
The DA Cloud - Dynamic is an advanced technical analysis tool that creates adaptive support and resistance zones that expand and contract based on market volatility. Unlike traditional static indicators, this cloud system "breathes" with the market, providing dynamic levels that adjust to changing market conditions.
📊 Core Components
1. Multi-Layered Cloud Structure
Resistance Cloud (Red): Three dynamic resistance levels (RL1, RL2, RL3) with intermediate channels (RC1, RC2)
Support Cloud (Green): Three dynamic support levels (SL1, SL2, SL3) with intermediate channels (SC1, SC2)
Trend Cloud (Blue): Five trend lines (TU2, TU1, TM, TL1, TL2) that flow through the center
Confirmation Line (Purple): A fast-reacting line that confirms trend changes
2. Forward Displacement Technology
The entire cloud system is projected 21 bars into the future (Fibonacci number), allowing traders to see potential support and resistance levels before price reaches them. This predictive element is inspired by Ichimoku Cloud theory but enhanced with modern volatility dynamics.
🔬 How It Works (Without Revealing the Secret Sauce)
Volatility-Responsive Design
The indicator continuously measures market volatility across multiple timeframes
During high volatility periods (like major breakouts), clouds expand dramatically
During consolidation, clouds contract and tighten around price
This creates a "breathing" effect that adapts to market conditions
Multi-Timeframe Analysis
Incorporates Fibonacci sequence periods (3, 13, 21, 34, 55) for calculations
Blends short-term responsiveness with long-term stability
Creates smooth, flowing lines that filter out market noise
Dynamic Level Calculation
Levels are not fixed percentages or static bands
Each level adapts based on current market structure and volatility
Channel lines (RC1, RC2, SC1, SC2) provide intermediate support/resistance
🎯 Key Features
1. Touch Point Detection
Colored dots appear when price touches key levels
Red dots = resistance touch
Green dots = support touch
Blue dots = trend median touch
2. Entry/Exit Signals
"Cloud Entry" labels when confirmation line crosses above SL1
"Cloud Exit" labels when confirmation line crosses below RL1
Background color changes based on bullish/bearish bias
3. Information Table
Real-time display of key levels (RL1, TM, SL1)
Current bias indicator (BULLISH/BEARISH)
Updates dynamically as market moves
⚙️ Customization Options
Main Controls:
Sensitivity (5-50): How responsive clouds are to price movements
Smoothing (1-50): Controls the flow and smoothness of cloud lines
Forward Displacement (0-50): How many bars to project the cloud forward
Advanced Volatility Settings:
Volatility Lookback (50-1000): Period for establishing volatility baseline
Volatility Smoothing (1-50): Reduces spikes in volatility expansion
Expansion Power (0.1-2.0): Controls how dramatically clouds expand
Range Divisor (1.0-20.0): Master control for overall cloud width
Level Spacing:
Individual multipliers for each resistance and support level
Allows fine-tuning of cloud structure to match different markets
Trend Spacing:
Separate controls for inner and outer trend bands
Customize the trend cloud density
📈 Trading Applications
1. Trend Identification
Price above TM (Trend Median) = Bullish bias
Price below TM = Bearish bias
Cloud color and width indicate trend strength
2. Support/Resistance Trading
Use RL1/SL1 as primary targets and reversal zones
RC1/RC2 and SC1/SC2 provide intermediate levels
RL3/SL3 mark extreme levels often seen at major tops/bottoms
3. Volatility Analysis
Expanding clouds signal increasing volatility and potential big moves
Contracting clouds indicate consolidation and potential breakout setup
Cloud width helps with position sizing and risk management
4. Multi-Timeframe Confirmation
Works on all timeframes from 1-minute to monthly
Higher timeframes show major market structure
Lower timeframes provide precise entry/exit points
🎓 Best Practices
Combine with Volume: High volume at cloud levels increases reliability
Watch for Touch Clusters: Multiple touches at a level indicate strength
Monitor Cloud Expansion: Sudden expansion often precedes major moves
Use Multiple Timeframes: Confirm signals across different time periods
Respect the Trend Median: This is often the most important level
⚡ Performance Notes
Optimized for up to 2000 bars of historical data
Smooth performance with 500+ lines and labels
Works on all markets: Crypto, Forex, Stocks, Commodities
📝 Version Info
Current Version: 1.0
Dynamic volatility expansion system
Full customization suite
Touch point detection
Entry/exit signals
Forward displacement projection
